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Media Outlets Wrongly Claim NASA Endorsed the Ancient Astronaut Theory

5/22/2014

33 Comments

 
This post has been updated to reflect new information from NASA.

An apparent lack of reading comprehension by sensationalist media outlets led to shocking claims that NASA endorsed the ancient astronaut theory in a new book. Media outlets, including the British edition of the Huffington Post, the Daily Mail, and Glenn Beck’s The Blaze covered the story yesterday, all rewriting material that first appeared on Gizmodo hours earlier. As The Blaze wrongly put it, the book “details the hunt for such evidence [of alien contact] by the space agency and other organizations and even suggests that unusual patterns cut into rock actually ‘might have been made by aliens.’”

Just hours after the story broke online, NASA removed Archaeology, Anthropology and Interstellar Communication from its website along with the accompanying press release, claiming that the eBook was mistakenly published a month too early. I obtained a copy of the book from Archive.org in order to examine the claims.
I’ve uploaded a copy to this blog post for readers to download for themselves. It is attached at the end of this post.

The space agency’s 300-page eBook does not do what media sources claim. The eBook was designed to explain how NASA plans to communicate with interstellar civilizations should the Earth ever make contact with beings from another world. One section of the book discussed the possibility that petroglyphs on earth could have extraterrestrial origins—at least that’s what media sources like The Blaze wrongly say.

The relevant section appears in a chapter by William Edmondson, who is a cognitive scientist and not a NASA employee, devoted to constraints on the construction of messages meant for communication with extraterrestrials. Edmondson makes quite plain that he is not suggesting petroglyphs were made by aliens, only that at such a remove in time, modern humans can no longer directly understand the original message. He describes the problems human face in communicating:
Consider again, therefore, the desirability of establishing symbolic/linguistic communication with ETI [extraterrestrial intelligence]. It is helpful to review some parallels from human existence that pose problems for us today. One of these is “rock art,” which consists of patterns or shapes cut into rock many thousands of years ago. Such ancient stone carvings can be found in many countries, and the example in Figure 15.1 is from Doddington Moor, Northumbria, England. We can say little, if anything, about what these patterns signify, why they were cut into rocks, or who created them. For all intents and purposes, they might have been made by aliens. Unless we find a readable exegesis of them produced at the time they were made, we will never be able to say with certainty what the patterns mean.
The line about “parallels from human existence” make quite obvious that Edmondson intends for the rock art to serve as an analogy for alien communication, not an example, though he never actually proposed using rock art in this manner. In fact, a footnote to this passage reads in its entirety: “One need only think of books by Immanuel Velikovsky or Erich von Däniken to see where this line of thinking can end up.”

Just past midnight last night, Jesus Diaz of Gizmodo’s Sploid blog excerpted selectively from the above passage in which he accidentally mangled Edmondson’s meaning and apparently also failed to realize that the chapter was by a single author:
Of course, the scientists […] are not saying these carvings were definitely made by aliens. They're saying that, since we don't really know the origin and meaning of these markings—which were made thousands of years ago all cross Europe, America and India—we can assume that they are made by aliens as a test to what we may encounter when we actually make contact with a civilization from another planet.
Diaz’s summary has accidentally given the false impression that using the carving as a model for handling alien communications (which is still a stretch against the original text) is the same as claiming them as alien art. His unfortunate phrasing made the text seem to say what it does not. He should have clarified that that the assumption is a fictitious exercise. The ambiguous phrase “we can assume” has two meanings, “we can pretend” or “we can conclude.” Although the latter meaning would seem to be closed off by the second half of the sentence, less critical readers won’t catch that and mistake the meaning. That, of course, is what quickly happened.

The Huffington Post cited Diaz and ran the story with the same excerpts, almost certainly without consulting the original. According to the Huffington Post:
The section relating to the markings, however, isn't quite as dramatic as you might think - which is why the pronouncement has not made international headlines around the world. Nasa isn't saying the markings were made by aliens, but that it might be useful to assume they are in order to reframe the way we go about looking for signals from other worlds, and how we attempt to make contact.
No one advocated assuming that aliens carved petroglyphs. In fact, Edmondson’s next paragraph discusses the Voynich Manuscript as another example of the difficulties of ascertaining the meaning of a message even when written in what appears to be a language-based code. The obvious conclusion is that Edmondson was trying to use known examples to prompt thought on what he calls “semiotic opacity,” the difficulty of communicating meaning.

But the Daily Mail’s Jonathan O’Callaghan misunderstood Edmondson’s article even worse: “In one section, for example, William Edmondson from the University of Birmingham considers the possibility that rock art on Earth is of extraterrestrial origin.” He did not, as a check of the original rather than Diaz’s misleading excerpt and ambiguous phrasing makes plain.

Of course it was Glenn Beck’s The Blaze that simply threw all caution to the wind. Blaze science editor Liz Kilmas cited Edmondson’s article both as an official U.S. government pronouncement and as evidence that NASA was contradicting Obama Administration claims that no evidence of alien contact has ever been discovered.
Though the White House maintains that there has not yet been credible evidence that suggests the presence of extra terrestrial (sic) life, a new volume of an official NASA e-book released this week details the hunt for such evidence by the space agency and other organizations and even suggests that unusual patterns cut into rock actually “might have been made by aliens.”
Needless to say, Kilmas also cites Diaz and does not appear to have read the original. But by then it was too late. The story had taken on an internet life of its own.

NASA removed the volume from its website sometime before 3 PM yesterday, less than five hours after the Blaze story. NASA told Gizmodo earlier today that they became aware that a draft version of the eBook and accompanying webpage had been published accidentally a month early after seeing the news reports:
...the page you saw was a draft web page for the planned book release early next month. Our publication support folks accidentally published the page to the web instead of saving it for review. The PDF and e-Book versions you saw there are complete, but the rest of our publication release process (e.g., getting the hard copies from the printer) are not done yet. We expect to make the book available (in print and in free e-Book versions) around June 10th.
You can read the eBook by downloading a copy below.
archaeology_anthropology_and_interstellar_communication_tagged.pdf
File Size: 1658 kb
File Type: pdf
Download File

33 Comments
Scott David Hamilton
5/22/2014 05:26:23 am

How a few words can make a difference. If Diaz had written a bit more carefully ("they might as well have been carved by aliens" instead of "they might have been carved by aliens") we wouldn't be subjected to the years of fringe historians claiming that NASA has admitted that ancient aliens are real.

The original Gizmodo article now has an update with why the book was taken down (It was a draft?), and the comments are about half people thinking NASA has confirmed alien rock art, even if about half of those people think NASA was wrong to do so.

Reply
Jason Colavito link
5/22/2014 05:30:17 am

That was fast. The update came between the time I wrote this piece this morning and now. I'll update the above with the information.

They better check the PDF again before printing it. I noticed some of the page numbers don't seem to match the table of contents.

Reply
.
5/23/2014 12:55:31 am

Drake's Equation takes this to a level of total logic as it
(rather than just only NASA's word) assumes they may
exist and its careful analysis is predicated on the idea
that ETs are most likely very real and quite alive. They
may also may have the means of traveling here, but that
is not the E*Book's focus. it frames the dialogue in lieu of
the proverbial alien spacecraft on the White House lawn...

Reply
Steve StC
5/23/2014 12:58:47 am

Under the theme of highly revered (by some) organizations exploring "fringe" ideas - A PBS show about Europeans getting to the Americas before Columbus. Oh dear, Jason. Even PBS is starting to ask the wrong questions.

http://www.pbs.org/wnet/secrets/episodes/carthages-lost-warriors-about-this-episode/1118/

Reading the comments, I momentarily thought I was at Jason's blog. Lots of baseless claims of racism. You might find new followers for your racism theme, Jason. Just trying to help.

Reply
Jason Colavito link
5/23/2014 01:27:55 am

I covered that story months ago, Steve, when I reviewed the episode, and the German fellow whose idea the show was based on came to this blog and eventually agreed that PBS presented his idea in a way that read as racist. Several prominent archaeologists and science writers also blasted the show for its poor quality.

The Umpire
5/23/2014 12:28:05 pm

Steve St Clair strikes out again!

.
5/24/2014 04:35:27 pm

in that particular thread, he also stated he had no control
over the edit done on the interview footage. we were left
with the impression the ships from Carthage could have
made the voyage in 250 B.C but did they? several posters
went into what they thought the odds are. to get into the
Andes proper after going up the Amazon becomes another
intense question. the area of Peru with the stone city is to
the north of Machu Picchu and often not under the Incan
empire or an equivalency, the tribe is fiercely independent
and perhaps culturally isolated to a high degree. again, Qs!

.
5/24/2014 05:11:59 pm

Steve StC has made a telling point about the 22 replies
on the "Secrets" thread. it sounds like these threads here,
but I noticed at least five "new" observations we as a group
did not pick up on or comment on at all. it added several
layers to what had been said in the onsite threads that do
have postings done about that particular "Secrets" episode.
The Romans were known for their cutting edge military tactics
but the Phoenicians & the Carthaginians were the better sailors.
It is no fluke Augustus wins at Actium despite the way Mark
Anthony + Cleopatra VII pooled a lore from Egypt, Greece + Rome.
Rome's ships are like rowboats glorified, nearly every other culture
was that much closer to manifesting the hull design of a Yankee
Clipper, despite this, Augustus won his victory + immortality...

Vincent S Artale Jr
5/22/2014 07:05:41 am

Another well articulated article Jason, thanks!!

Reply
Erik G
5/22/2014 07:39:00 am

I second Vincent's comment above.

And, in passing, I would also like to second Mark L's comments yesterday. I too have had quite enough of these inane attempts at derailment by certain very tiresome mushroom farmers.

Reply
KIF
5/22/2014 09:05:29 am

Mushes?

I see cannabis
http://www.vice.com/read/did-jesus-perform-his-miracles-with-cannabis-oil

Philip the apostle said, "Joseph the carpenter planted a garden because he needed wood for his trade. It was he who made the cross from the trees which he planted. His own offspring hung on that which he planted. His offspring was Jesus, and the planting was the cross." But the Tree of Life is in the middle of the Garden. However, it is from the olive tree that we got the chrism, and from the chrism, the resurrection.

Reply
Michael Sean
5/23/2014 05:11:32 am

Oh dear, terrible article. Its like they never did any research on the Bible....or even bothered to read it.

Shane Sullivan
5/22/2014 07:48:08 am

The e-book was taken down?

Uh-oh.

This will undoubtedly be seen by conspiracy theorists as part of a crusade to suppress the truth

Reply
titus pullo
5/22/2014 09:54:24 am

Thanks Jason. When I read it yesterday, my first thought was some political hack at NASA was writing something and threw his opinion. Remember NASA is a large organization and yes there probably are some engineers there or even PAOs who think UFOs are real. Doesn't mean NASA actually believes this junk. Nothing to note here..

Reply
Varika
5/22/2014 12:26:36 pm

The problem, titus, is that often these engineers and PAOs are using UFO in its original meaning rather than its popular meeting. Remember, it means "unidentified flying object." There are a crapton of UFOs of purely terrestrial origins, but until you identify them, they are, by definition, unidentified. That doesn't mean that all the same people believe in flying saucers and little green men from outer space.

Taking it as such is basically the same as when creationists say "it's only a theory" about evolution, and don't understand the scientific definition of "theory." Unfortunately, as we both know, it happens. ALL THE TIME.

Reply
Titus pullo
5/22/2014 01:37:25 pm

Good points. I remember reading Carl Sagan hypothosizing that perhaps we were visited in the ancient past. I think he probably regretted it given the ammunition it gave to the Von daniken folks.

.
5/22/2014 08:37:00 pm

Carl Sagan often tried not to be narrow minded.

KIF
5/23/2014 01:32:15 am

Remember, "UFO" means Unidentified Flying Object. And they could be terrestrial in origin.

Varika
5/23/2014 01:01:07 pm

Late to the party again, KIF; that's PRECISELY what I already said.

Arthur
5/22/2014 04:23:10 pm

This is exactly how all this conspiracy stuff starts. Someone slightly misconstrues a story, then the next person twists it a bit more, and the next a bit more until it no longer resembles the original story. Then you claim the government is covering it up when NASA says they didn't endorse AAT.

Reply
.
5/22/2014 11:05:45 pm

http://www.majesticdocuments.com/pdf/fdr_22feb44.pdf <-----------

FDR was aware of the "foo fighter" reports circa 1942

i was at the Black Vault for a tyme. i forgot about this

work of fiction with a factual basis. FDR's security system

file headers often had a jazz era slang edge, whereas IKE's

stuff tended to be more randomly scrambled or too obtusely

confusiong and enjargonated. all the MJ-12 "docs" sound like

they can't predate 1955 even if said to be earlier. am curious.

this POTUS 'memo" ties into NASA's "egg on face" moment.

Reply
.
5/22/2014 11:14:36 pm

IMOHO many MJ-12 "docs" said to be contemporary to poor ole
James Forrestal have a rhetorical resonance akin to the second
half of IKE's term in office, to whit, they clearly were not read by
John Luis Von Neumann when he was very much alive and alert.
even worse, their prose is not WW2 era, its more fail/safe & they
sound like they were penned in weeks of each other. FDR's header
system is something he could memorize as to a given area. IKE
fought WW2 via a committee approach. as POTUS, LBJ tries to
emulate FDR's direct stewardship command structure but fails. if
you pluck at its jargon, it becomes unlike an open'd timecapsule.

http://www.majesticdocuments.com/pdf/fdr_22feb44.pdf

.
5/22/2014 08:34:47 pm

our modems when being wireless send information digitally.
the background noise of our sun randomizes even further our
digital signals, the static of the Big Bang is omnipresent and
omni-directional. From Marconi's wireless to now, we've had
only 115 years of analog signal broadcasts, we've only been
able to 'announce" ourselves to any similar or even brighter
sapient species for only a brief window of time. Fiber optic
cables in tandem with a multi-platform digital format actually
reduce the signals we are broadcasting to the universe, a
much more advanced SuperCivilization if nearby would not
be loud, you'd have to hunt for something else entirely to then
spot them, this is the basic flaw of SETI, we assume we are
trying to contact beings similar to us but more actualized,
who haven't invented a much better means of being & thriving.
the NASA scientist assumes carvings imply a language
and alphabet that is Earth-like. Not all sapience patterns as
we do. For 28 million years, we humans were significantly
stupider than all whales, dolphins & porpoises, this is a given.
In the last 4 billion years, our solar system has high odds of
having been visited by sapient and intelligent beings. NASA is
staring at something a wise PR person would not respond to,
the inferences around the questions of intelligence + sapience.

Reply
.
5/23/2014 12:18:47 am

Chapter XIII of the NASA E*Book talks about
Dolphins + their language --- and Drake's Equation.

Near the end after page 200 or so, we look at our
lore about the Neanderthals. The beginning namedrops
PLOTINUS more often than Plato, and looks at all
Phoenician derivative alphabets verses hieroglyphs.
its a Sociologists essay that briefly touches on basic
code*breaking. you have to wade thru it all, much of it
sums up what SETI is or has done before it goes hot topix.

Reply
.
5/22/2014 08:43:57 pm

the upper one percent or one tenth of one percent of
UFO "flaps" and sightings cannot be proven to be
E.Ts but they also elude the solid proof that proves
that they are more ordinary and indigenous to our
planet. Unidentified = UNIDENTIFIED. enuff said.
the odds are 50/50 we are being observed by E.Ts.
they do not have to get closer than Jupiter to us to
easily sample our many "on air" television and radio
broadcasts. They may understand our weather better
than we do. NASA's employee of the month in doing
the write-up has made several assumptions about the
ways E.Ts think, communicate & organize information.

Reply
Varika
5/23/2014 01:17:03 pm

The odds that we are being observed by ETs is not 50/50. The odds are much, MUCH lower than that, because you have to calculate the odds of there being other life out there AND it being technologically advanced AND close enough to get here AND interested enough to bother. The odds that we are being observed would be the odds of ALL of those things being true at one, which is at BEST 1 in 8, or 12.5%. At that, I simplified that to an excruciating degree, based on a simple yes/no 50/50 for each question but the first, and the odds for each question are different. I even gave the question "Is life out there?" a 100% chance of being true, because science has predicted that the odds of there being other life--or any kind--approaches 100%.

It doesn't make being under observation impossible--God knows we would if we could find something out there--but the odds are in no way 50/50.

Also, I wouldn't cast stones at NASA; you're making a number of assumptions yourself, and not just about ETs.

Reply
.
5/24/2014 04:12:24 pm

the essay extrapolates progress in almost a linear way.
we have yet to colonize space or deal with the issues a
billion year old SuperCivilization has. if our current universe
is 13+ billion years old and our sun is under 6 billion years
of age, more than half the age of our universe has had time
enough for an early solar system with an Earth-like sun to
have come into being and brought about sapience. Pansporia
increases the odds of parallel evolutionary paths, but not always.
the essay tries to popularize the intellectual debates of the
past 30 years. i rather liked the essay. topical read, easy to skim.

.
5/24/2014 04:18:37 pm

my basic assumption is that our lil ole solar system
has not been "pristine" and isolated, and only open
to pansporia at the spore or microbe level or smaller.
i do think that in the past 1 to 3 billion years we were
visited by beings who may not have wanted to leave
a degree of organic contamination behind, but did!!!!!
we recently may have left microbes on Mars, in a similar
manner. no landing craft are 100% sterile, if they are
like those in our Sci-Fi literature. the E*book in its own
way says nothing new, it only has intelligent guesses.

.
5/22/2014 08:53:38 pm

So what if AA has been given a reprieve from cancellation
for about five seasons due to a slight flaw in wording an
E~text. This is not going to hurt NASA's next Mars probe
or missions any worse than the round of budget cutting has.
If we send archeologists to Mars, I want them to be highly
observant and open to how intelligence functions, I'd like
to see people on missions with a healthy mix of Science
and the Humanities, and the ability to solve problems. Has
AA taken on a renewed vigor? NASA doing a backpedal in
http://www.history.com/shows/ancient-aliens/videos a very
stupid manner does legitimize this all worse than the tone
of the text with its nuances & typoes. Just when they were
about to join "TV HEAVEN" along with STAR LOST or BUCK
ROGERs! (or even piffle piffle BABYLON FIVE in all its glory.)

Reply
.
5/22/2014 11:26:45 pm

the 'typo' or un~careful turn of phrase just resurrected
NASA's worse nightmare, the MJ-12 controversy of a
few years back.

GOTO

http://www.theblackvault.com/m/articles/view/Majestic-12#.U38iUPldWT8

http://www.majesticdocuments.com/documents/pre1948.php



On February 22, 1944 Franklin D. Roosevelt writes a DOUBLE TOP SECRET memo on White House stationary for "The special committee on non-terrestrial science and technology." Both the title and the content clearly allude to extraterrestrial life, the former using the word "non-terrestrial" and the latter talks about "coming to grips with the reality that our planet is not the only one harboring intelligent life the universe." Remarkably, the last four words are exactly the title of Sagan's book co-authored with the Soviet scientist Shklovsky. Clearly the situation was that we had recovered at least one craft by then, probably the Cape Girardeau crash of 1941, and came to realize the wealth of technology that lay there for the pickings. Apparently the "Special Committee on Non-terrestrial Science and Technology" had been working some time in order to define a clear action. Dr. Bush had presumably presented a proposal from the Committee for an aggressive separate program to apply "non-terrestrial know how" to the war effort, but FDR thought that it would threaten the atomic bomb program. Thus, he carefully avoids saying "no," but says that we will "take every advantage of such wonders that have come to us" after we have won the war. Very gracious letter. The classification "double top secret" was a legitimate one. We are currently (May 2000) requesting copies of similar correspondence from the Roosevelt Library for format and typography comparison. The signature, although not a strong discriminant, is consistent with other authentic signatures.

Reply
.
5/22/2014 11:42:30 pm

problem is, since the 1960s "auto-pens" could replicate
reasonable facsimile of a politician's signature. personal
letters that look personal are a way to win votes. the pros
would spam supporters. FDR left behind enuff "sigs" so a
good fake memo could be cobbled together from actual docs.
NASA just let MJ-12 back into the SETI dialogue about life.

http://www.theblackvault.com/phpBB3/

again, i was at the Black Vault and remember the older threads.

Reply
KIF
5/23/2014 01:30:22 am

Oh no - time to feed Roosevelt to the Loch Ness Monster again

Bring on the Flying Saucer

.
5/23/2014 10:01:53 am

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/This_Means_War_(film)

KIF ------FDR is long dead but if you want to feed the cool
and terribly cute lead from this movie to Nessie becuz he
answers to the famous three letters on the guy's hankies
and cuff links, i'm willing to make the sacrifice for the Allied
War effort. I'd feel patriotic, even. Dude is tres B@dA$$~~!


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