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On Rosicrucians, Akhenaten, and the Hall of Records Underneath the Great Sphinx

9/13/2016

44 Comments

 
I’m sure that many of you will have seen the story running this week in the Atlantic in which Sam Kriss explains the latest strange obsession of conspiracy theorists: Flat-Earth super-forests. I’m almost positive I mentioned the idea last month, but the gist of it is that a Crimean man is claiming that not only is the Earth flat, but that mesas and oddly-shaped mountains are actually the trunks of prehistoric trees, which were felled ages ago by a conspiracy. Somehow, according to Kriss, the Crimean man claims there was a nuclear war in the nineteenth century, lost civilizations had advanced technology, and giants felled the super-trees using powerful machines. 
The Flat-Earth claims don’t interest me much, but it is fascinating that the Flat Earth lunatics are roping in Nephilim-Giants in order to marry their fringe geology to ancient mythology, so that the giants of myth have equally giant trees. I guess Gilgamesh, one of the Giants according to the fragmentary Book of Giants, needed super-cedars, as regular ones simply wouldn’t do!
 
But I was much more interested in an advertisement I found in an old issue of Weird Tales magazine, from October 1936. I am not sure when the ad first ran, but it was still being used in the 1960s. (Here is a late printing of the same ad.) This fascinated me because it seems to explain one of the reasons that fringe historians became bizarrely convinced that Akhenaten had contact with space aliens. It certainly isn’t the obvious conclusion from his life story, nor even from the popular fringe view that Akhenaten was responsible for Judaism, as Freud would claim in Moses and Monotheism three years later.
 
The Rosicrucians of San Jose, California—the Ancient and Mystical Order Rosæ Crucis, founded in 1915—ran an advertisement featuring a bust labeled “Amenhotep IV,” which was Akhenaten’s name before he changed it. The ad then asks “Whence came the knowledge that built the Pyramids and the mighty Temples of the Pharaohs? … Did their knowledge come from a race now submerged beneath the sea, or were they touched with Infinite inspiration?”
 
Most readers will see both the reference to the lost civilization of Atlantis and an uncanny echo in the recent claims of Ancient Aliens that geniuses received their knowledge through a mental transmission from space aliens. It is little different here. AMORC claimed that “Amenhotep IV, Leonardo da Vinci, Isaac Newton” and many others served among its illustrious ranks. It also says that “Today it is known that they discovered and learned to interpret Secret Methods for the development of the inner power of the mind” (emphasis in original). Like any good scam, AMORC offered its membership free access to these secrets with a bit of pressure to become a paying member.
 
I was struck by how much of the Rosicrucian myth—a concocted legend expanded and perpetuated by Henry Spencer Lewis—echoes some claims very familiar to us from modern fringe history. AMORC claimed that it was a direct lineal descendant of an ancient Egyptian mystery school founded by Hatshepsut. This seems to be a paganized gloss on Freemasonry’s alleged ancient origins. (Both AMORC and Freemasonry are intertwined with European Rosicrucianism of the 1600s, which in turn took influence from Hermeticism and thus from Egypt and the myth of the Watchers.) This claim echoes the modern allegation that the so-called “Venus Families” have run a mystery school from Akhenaten’s time to today, or the allegation that a White Brotherhood, Serpent Brotherhood, or Horus Brotherhood preserved Atlantean or Nephilim wisdom in Egypt.
 
Lewis, in his Complete History of the Rosicrucian Order, lays great weight on Akhenaten, “with whose history all Rosicrucians are greatly concerned. He was the last Great Master in the family of the founders and the one to whom we owe the really wonderful philosophies and writings used so universally in all Lodge work throughout the world.” And lest you think this is the whole of Lewis’s contribution to Akhenaten’s fringe history, there is more: He also declared Akhenaten “Aryan” and claimed he presided over 283 Rosicrucian brothers and 62 sisters—the secret brotherhood that Graham Hancock, Andrew Collins, and Scott Wolter (via Ralph Ellis) go on about. He specified that these Rosicrucian brothers wore linen outfits with cords around their waists, and thus inspired all future monks.
 
Lewis admits in his book that he derived his mythic version of Akhenaten from The Life and Times of Akhnaton, a 1910 book by Arthur Weigall, revised and reprinted in 1922. He follows it exactly, but interpolated into it Rosicrucian cult and brotherhood, turning Weigall’s sub rosa narrative of how Akhenaten anticipated Christianity into one of how Akhenaten was actually a Rosicrucian.
 
The influence of Lewis on fringe history is not speculation, though. In The Secret Chamber Revisited, Robert Bauval discusses Lewis’s claims explicitly (though confusing him with Lewis Spence) and devotes part of the book to AMORC. Bauval further explained that he is friends with AMORC’s current head, Christian Bernard, and gave talks to the organization about the Sphinx. Lewis had claimed to possess ancient maps showing the brotherhood’s secret hall of records below Giza, a myth familiar from its parallel claim in Edgar Cayce’s prophecies, and originating in the Arab pyramid myth and the belief, abstracted from Enoch’s wisdom pillars and Hermes Trismegistus’s antediluvian subterranean temple-writings, that the pyramids’ hidden chambers contained books and inscriptions describing “the nature of all things, the science of law and the laws of all the sciences” and “books they had written on gold leaf in which they had recorded the past and the future” (Akhbar al-zaman 2.2, my trans.). In other words, the Hall of Records was just warmed over medieval texts that Lewis and Cayce could be pretty sure English-speakers had never read.
 
Lewis made his claim of a hall of records beneath the Sphinx in 1936, along with a diagram of the same, and Cayce miraculously came up with the same in 1939, much the way he miraculously dreamed dreams that reflected the fringe literature he had just read and, in moments where he seemed to think he wouldn’t be caught, explicitly cited by name. A psychic named H. C. Randall-Stevens published in 1935 a very similar diagram of a chamber under the Sphinx, which Lewis seems to obliquely allude to as “mystical manuscripts that have been released in a limited manner in recent years.” Lewis, for what it’s worth, never offered evidence for his assertions, citing only “Rosicrucian archives” and the aforementioned “mystical manuscripts.”
 
Sadly, I do not have access to Randall-Stevens’s book, A Voice Out of Egypt, to determine his sources, but the book attempted to link Egypt and Atlantis. What excerpts I have seen in my judgment seem to be modeled quite closely on underground chambers and miraculous buildings found in medieval Arabic pyramid lore, though I do not have enough material to prove how he obtained it, directly or indirectly. He did admit that he modeled his claims on Masonic lore, which has the same origin point in the Enochian wisdom pillars, and may also have proposed an underground Sphinx temple in parallel to the Masons’ Secret Vault allegory. But since his and Lewis’s claims seem to amplify, directly or indirectly, medieval Arabic legends of the Giza plateau—which asserted that chambers and halls and “subterranean passages made of lead and stone” existed beneath the pyramids—it would not surprise me if these “archives” were little more than copies of medieval legends, repackaged with a showman’s love of drama.
 
One version, sufficiently brief, gives the story thus:
It is said in some books of the Copts that King Sūrīd, after hearing the priests tell him that a fire would come from beyond the sign of Leo and burn up the world, made underground passageways in the pyramids in preparation; the Nile could be brought into these underground passages and discharged from there at several points in the western territory and in the land of Sa‘id. The King filled these channels with wonders, talismans, and idols. (Akhbar al-zaman 2.2, my trans.)
​Five centuries later, Al-Suyuti quotes another writer to this effect:
[Hermes] gave orders for the building of the Pyramids and the deposition in them of treasures, books on the sciences, and other valuables which, one might fear, would perish and disappear. […] Each of their stones is five cubits by two, and it is said that the builder had made for each of the two Pyramids. several doors, built over underground vaults made of stone; the length of each vault is twenty cubits, and each door is made of a single stone revolving upon a hinge in such a way that when the door is shut one would not notice that it was there. Each door leads to seven chambers, and each chamber bears the name of a star and is locked with locks. (trans. Leon Nemoy)
There are many other versions, but the bottom line is always the same: The Arabs believed in underground chambers beneath the pyramids, filled with technology and books, and this is the clear origin of what Lewis and Cayce passed off as the mysterious Hall of Records of some secret brotherhood of Aryan supermen. From the extant Arabic texts, we know that such stories were first told of Egyptian temples—where Hermetic philosophers first practiced—before being applied to the pyramids. Fragments of this more ancient story survive (Ammianus Marcellinus, Roman History 22.15.30; Abu Ma‘shar al-Balhi in  Ibn Juljul, Tabaqat al-atibbaʾ 5-10; Akhbar al-zaman 2.2, etc.).
 
Now, the question is whether either claimant was aware of this. They need not necessarily have been, at least not directly, since the claim was so easy to find in old books. The evidence from Calmet’s Dictionary of the Holy Bible shows a belief in chambers beneath the Sphinx was, if not exactly well-known in the 1700s and 1800s, at least easily accessible to even the least sophisticated psychic frauds. The Dictionary quotes Richard Pococke’s account of his Egyptian travels from 1743 in which he speaks of the Sphinx as having “apartments beneath.” His claim derived from Pliny’s report that the inhabitants of Giza believed that the Sphinx was hollow and the tomb of King Harmaïs or Armais (Natural History 36.17), though he himself did not believe it. As I alluded to above, Ammianus Marcellinus, writing around 391 CE, had spoken of underground passages full of secret antediluvian wisdom from the mystery schools, though these were likely meant to be a description of rock-cut tombs.
 
Based on such accounts, Giovanni Battista Caviglia, the Egyptologist, claimed that a secret network of tunnels would be found to connect all of the Giza pyramids (New Monthly Magazine 10, p. 561; Vyse, Operations 1, p. 141), and his views were widely adopted in the early 1800s. Importantly, Charles Piazzi Smyth preserved such speculation in his Life and Work at the Great Pyramid (1867), recalling dismissively “all sorts of underground passages from the Sphinx to either the Great or Second Pyramid” that filled early modern Egyptology. William G. Clarke speculated in 1883 that perhaps a lucky turn of the spade would uncover “an interior vault” or a “subterranean passage” under the Sphinx itself. Theosophists spoke, from no good knowledge other than the preceding speculation, of the same passage: “According to tradition, a subterranean passage connects the interior of the Sphinx with that of the Pyramid.” I would be remiss not to note that H. P. Lovecraft was familiar with all of this material and for Harry Houdini wrote in “Under the Pyramids” in none else than Weird Tales in 1924 of “the legends of subterranean passages beneath the monstrous creature, leading down, down, to depths none might dare hint at—depths connected with mysteries older than the dynastic Egypt we excavate.”

The idea was there for anyone to recycle, and it is no surprise that occultists did just that.
 
Anyway, this part of the story is well enough known that it is told, more or less (well, mostly less), in books like Prince and Picknett’s Stargate Conspiracy. Lewis’s promotion of Akhenaten as an initiate and possessor of the secret wisdom, however, seems to be less well known, but it is an obvious antecedent for the claims later made for him that the pharaoh had knowledge from aliens. I should have known, though, that to answer a question about where fringe historians got an idea, I should always turn first to the pulps.
44 Comments
Templar Secrets
9/13/2016 11:23:16 am

>>The Rosicrucians of San Jose, California<<

LOL
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Rc_egyptian_museum.jpg

On equal par with rubbish like Edgar Cayce, Max Heindel, etc

Complete and utter American Gibberish.

Reply
justanotherskeptic
9/13/2016 11:50:00 am

I did find A Voice Out of Egypt on amazon.com, hardcover, for $40 plus shipping but at that price you may think it exorbitant.

Reply
justanotherskeptic
9/13/2016 11:55:00 am

Ebay not much better except for one out of Great Britain for $33(us) plus shipping.

Reply
David Bradbury
9/14/2016 08:43:21 am

It may be worth noting that the sub-title of "A Voice Out Of Egypt" is "An adventure in clair-audience"- which is not encouraging if we are looking for sources.

Reply
Ken
9/13/2016 11:54:07 am

Velikovsky wrote a complete book claiming that Akhenaten was a prototype for Oedipus Rex, and proceeds to document that claim with detailed references.

Relevant? Of course not, but interesting.

Reply
Uncle Ron
9/13/2016 12:13:19 pm

I hope you're writing a book integrating everything you have been documenting here over the past several years concerning the origins of modern fringe wackiness, because I'm having a hard time keeping track and fitting it all together. I look forward to its arrival by 2050. :)

Reply
Jason Colavito link
9/13/2016 12:15:03 pm

I was certainly hoping to do so, but after contacting dozens of literary agents about it, I received no interest whatsoever, not even a courtesy "I'll take a look."

Reply
Duke of URL
9/13/2016 03:03:30 pm

Jason, self-publishing is NOT that difficult. Also, have you tried submitting it directly to up-and-coming publishers such as Castalia House?

Jason Colavito link
9/13/2016 03:23:46 pm

I've self-published before, but the marketing is the issue. What's the point if no one will actually read the book? That's the trouble I have with McFarland. Sure, they'll publish whatever I write, but no one outside of libraries really buys their books.

S. Michael
9/13/2016 04:03:27 pm

"Up-and-coming"? Really? Castalia is one step up from a vanity press, a micro-publisher going nowhere. And all of its output is tainted by the politics of the crackpot white supremacist who owns it.

David Bradbury
9/13/2016 01:57:37 pm

The subject doesn't need a book so much as a sort of "family tree of ideas".

Reply
Templar Secrets
9/13/2016 06:59:47 pm

>> sort of "family tree of ideas".<<

Anything excluded?

Templar Secrets
9/13/2016 06:59:55 pm

>> sort of "family tree of ideas".<<

Anything excluded?

David Bradbury
9/14/2016 08:33:21 am

Not necessarily. A large quantity of good information can often be incorrectly interpreted and distilled to produce an influential paragraph of misinformation.

Templar Secrets
9/14/2016 09:07:06 am

As long as it's positive.
Positive misinformation and misinterpretation has shaped our Western Civilization.
Gee, it's scary that there is no after-life.

Kathleen
9/13/2016 02:15:43 pm

I agree with you, Uncle Ron. It will take me many hours reading about all of the references and topics. I love to come here to listen and learn. Thanks Jason for all you share with us.

Reply
E.P. Grondine
9/14/2016 10:23:34 am

Hi Ron, Jason -

The important part you are both missing is the combination of modern computer mailing lists, the internet, and now narrowcasting with modern fringe wackiness. My own attempt may be found here:

http://www.danieljglenn.com/the_podcasts/Stelle/Documentation/He%20Walked%20Among%20Us%20Part%201.pdf

In Richard's case at least we have multiple sexual predations to spice the story up. But as I promised to not disclose the identities of Richard's victims, and none of them jumped forward and provided intimate details...

For a long tiime I lost my sense of humor, which also made writing the piece difficult. And for Jason there is the problem of too much detail, which makes the whole thing boring, and only of interest to a few people.

Perhaps a series of comedy videos, each one featuring a different leading figure.That said, in my opinion the key to the whole "modern fringe" is Augustus and Alice Le Plongeons's "salon".

.

Reply
Templar Secrets
9/14/2016 12:47:33 pm

The internet has turned hard-copy books obsolete.

Any book becomes out-of-date the moment it becomes published because the internet does not stand still.

And this applies to all subject matters.

Bob Jase
9/13/2016 01:48:03 pm

Aw heck, those chambers under the Sphynx weren't a hall of records, they were just for grain that wouldn't fit in the pyramids. Every SDA knows that!

Reply
cicely
9/13/2016 02:35:00 pm

Not on-topic for this thread, but I thought this might be of interest to you:
http://www.andywhiteanthropology.com/blog/calcite-weathering-and-the-age-of-the-kensington-rune-stone-inscription-lightning-post

Reply
Kal
9/13/2016 03:37:44 pm

I've been to the Rosicrucian museum in San Jose. They aren't as fringe as it appears. They collected a bunch of Egyptian stuff and put it on display, and made some decent copies also. They obviously wouldn't have the original King Tut coffin. Even so, they are a museum of curious antiquities with no real hidden special agenda or powers. They charge to see the stuff, but all museums do that. It is very near the much more interesting Rose Gardens, which is one of the largest rose grower in the area.

San Jose is also home to the strange Winchest mystery house, where you can see this mansion built by an eccentric woman's staff. It really should be on one of those ghost shows, complete with someone making creaking footsteps and knocking on doors, and then shaking the camera.

Reply
Templar Secrets
9/13/2016 04:21:20 pm

>>They aren't as fringe as it appears<<

Lewis was just another rip-off merchant

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Hslewisgrave2.jpg

Reply
Kal
9/13/2016 03:38:18 pm

Winchester Mystery House

Reply
Gayle
9/13/2016 07:09:22 pm

A few years back I came across a site that claimed that some rock formations were in fact giant fossilised trees.
I wonder if it was the same person

Reply
Awkwardmoment
9/13/2016 07:12:50 pm

Also nice to catch Cayce in "awake" mode:

[4.You will dismiss the suggestion regarding Atlantis. That is all for the present.]

http://www.aawmagazine.com/0364/002.html

Reply
Only Me
9/14/2016 02:41:02 am

Really nice post. I appreciate how you run down the origins of some of these fringe claims. It illustrates how old and unoriginal most of them are.

Reply
Templar Secrets
9/14/2016 05:10:49 am

Western Civilization was rocked by the existence of The Holy Inquisition,

Reply
V
9/14/2016 01:42:04 pm

Which one, in which country?

Templar Secrets
9/14/2016 02:04:02 pm

Henry Charles Lea, A History of The Inquisition of The Middle Ages (Three Volumes, 1887); A History of The Inquisition of Spain (Four Volumes, 1906-1907)

hal
9/14/2016 08:52:02 am

"Self-published author touting self as Best-selling author" sees his hate blog become irrelevant. Will beg for money again soon.

Reply
Only Me
9/14/2016 09:45:47 am

You keep insinuating Jason's blog is about to go under, but, can you give us an estimated guess as to when? After making the same prediction over and over, with no success, it really gets old.

Reply
hal
9/14/2016 09:52:40 am

You lie. Irrelevant. Not go under. Obsessed people continue even when they fail. Bye. Gotta go. It's all a waste of time.

Only Me
9/14/2016 10:25:44 am

In this case, irrelevant would be the same as going under. If no one reads the blog, sure, Jason could keep it running...but is it having an impact? It assuredly does now, since you keep trying to paint a picture of Jason fading away into obscurity.

"Obsessed people continue even when they fail. It's all a waste of time."

Those are the first true words you've left on this blog. Stop wasting your time and move on.

Roddy Schlockberts
9/14/2016 09:52:15 am

http://dementedparadigm.blogspot.com/2016/09/the-tuatha-de-anunaki-and-noahs-racial.html

Reply
Tom
9/14/2016 10:07:45 am

I seem to remember reading that several temporary canals were dug to move the stone blocks around much of the Pyramid/Sphinx site so any tunnels or vaults would have been at risk from accidental leakages.
There is also a problem with ancient "wisdom" of which later Pharoahs seem totally ignorant despite having it under their noses.
Our friend Akhenaton pops up in so many contexts he has become like Atlantis, the fringers find him wherever they look.
Unfortunately for them he lived at a known time, in a known place and we have lots of interesting written records of his tenure in power etc but not one word of any secret wisdom or his calling by Yahweh.
All the Pharoahs before and after Akhenaton were just as greedy and inquisitive as any of todays despots, treasure, secret wisdom bestowing great power and so on, would have been sought, grasped and used and would now fill our history books with those FACTS.

Reply
Denise
9/14/2016 12:57:44 pm

Depending on your definition of "later Pharaohs", remember after the death of Alexander the Great, his Officer Pliny (sp?) claimed Egypt as his. I believe the Pharaohs after had Greek/Macedonian blood in them (I don't know if they married with the Egyptian ruling class to keep some sort of continuity). But definitely after that time Egypt entered its Hellenization period. This can be seen by the way the faces on sarcophagus are painted, very different from traditional styles.

So even if there was some sort of sacred knowledge from earlier (IF) it would not be surprising that later pharaohs, didn't inherit it.

Of course I don't subscribe to this forgotten knowledge bit, but if I did that would be a possible argument to make.

Reply
Templar Secrets
9/14/2016 02:06:13 pm

The Egyptians themselves did not subscribe to any secret knowledge, a modern phenomenon.

Mandalore
9/14/2016 02:37:04 pm

Denise, Ptolemy was Alexander's general who took over Egypt. But his dynasty didn't intermarry with the locals, and in fact there hadn't been a native Egyptian pharaoh in centuries by that point. So you're right, any 'secret' knowledge would have been long gone.

Templar Secrets
9/14/2016 02:58:43 pm

Nectanebo II was the last native Egyptian Pharaoh (360-342 BC)

Bob Jase
9/14/2016 03:10:36 pm

Any 'secret knowledge' the ancients had couldn't have been worth much as it didn't keep them from succumbing to plagues, famine, floods, earthquakes or invasion.

Templar Secrets
9/14/2016 03:48:30 pm

That means there's no "secret knowledge" today

Denise
9/14/2016 04:38:29 pm

@Mandalore, Thanks I knew I was getting the wrong guy, all I could remember that it started with a "P". Sadly with all chemo-like medication to treat an autoimmune condition, almost dying from it, and over the course of losing three organs in the last five years, my memory really sucks. I call myself "Swiss Cheese Head", I need one those Wisconsin cheese hats. Its extremely frustrating not being able to rely on my brain anymore. I can't even focus on reading a book and I am a total book worm! :-(

So folks, don't worry about correcting me...I am just a 90 year old inside of a 49 year old body.

Kal
9/14/2016 01:27:46 pm

This blog certainly could be mined to make books in several online media. Mr. Colavito could go to Amazon or one of the others starting out, and link back to the blogs for more information. No need to include all of it. Pick the best of the theories, the most wacky, the most fun and interesting, and have them put out there.

I like the ones most related to Ancient Alien theories and how fantasy and scifi figures and the fringe seem linked like they're contactees.

The stuff about giants and bigfoot, not so much.

The garbled ancient history comes second, with stories of misread or translated info. It's funny how the fringe plays telephone with old scripts.

That can get bogged down though in that all the details can become confusing.

Didn't he do a book on Atlantis already? Is there a Kindle version?

Actually in 2016 a vanity press is not all that much a bad word in publishing, when you consider the best sellers actually are political books and have nothing to do with art and fantasy, and the fringe.

Even the best seller lists such as the NY Times are called into question when you can be a political pundit and pay them ahead of time, because you're wealthy, and they just leave it on the list.

Do you really think anyone but fringe conservative wig wags even read Ann Coulter or Mike Huckabee? No.

Sure Bill O'Reilly has a following outside his neocon chambers, but because he makes tens of millions a year, he can hire good writers and people to hock his books. Do you really think he wrote those 'Killing' books. It was the other dude, Martin Dugard.

Fringe books might just be as popular as political books, in their demographic. You can put them in the fantasy speculation section.

Heck, wasn't Chariots of the Gods? a best seller once?

Since this blog is clearly not from a super rich politico, it is best to start out with self publishing. No shame in that.

After all, The Martian started out as an online book, and now it's a movie.

Yeah, what Jason needs is a TV show on History. Make it happen. Then the complainers like Wolter will really have some competition.



He does have some airtime on radio blogs and whatnot.

Reply
Denise
9/14/2016 02:44:14 pm

I first found out about Jason after buying three of his ebooks off of Amazon: the Ancient Aliens show critique, Faking History (which I have now purchased as a paperbook so I can lend it out to folks), which lent me to his critique on Unearthing America. After that I found this blog and went on to read the cult of alien gods + Lovecraft (sorry I know I'm getting these titles wrong). My husband is happy, because I don't have screaming fits at the Not So History channel anymore.

For those who are interested there is a Facebook page called: Reenactors and History Lovers Against the History Channel".

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