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Sumerians in Bolivia: Afrocentrism and the Potokia Monolith

3/18/2012

10 Comments

 
In this week’s Ancient Aliens (S04E06), noted ancient astronaut theorist and user of fake evidence David Childress introduced us to the Fuente Magna libation bowl, an allegedly pre-Columbian artifact from Bolivia bearing (depending on who is doing the talking) Sumerian, proto-Sumerian, Hebraic, Semitic, or proto-Saharan writing. This bowl has a highly problematic provenance (no one can say just when or where it was found), and all indications are that it is a hoax, like the Ica Stones, the Pedro Crespi collection, and Erich von Däniken’s cave of alien gold in Ecuador—all attempts to fabricate a fantasy prehistory for South America that minimizes the role of the native peoples of the continent.

The Fuente Magna bowl is often spoken of in the same context as the Pokotia Monolith (or Monument), a stone statue standing 1.3 m (4 ft. 3 in.) tall and closely resembling the otherworldly, stylized, and heavily-eroded sculptures of nearby Tiwanaku (Tiahuanaco). According to alternative archaeologists and ancient astronaut theorists, this statue is covered in Sumerian writing, just like the Fuente Magna bowl.
Pokotia Monolith
Pokotia Monolith. Image: bibliotecapleyades.net
Tiwanaku
Statue at Tiwanaku. (© 2003 Clairette via Wikimedia Commons, Creative Commons 2.0 license)
Despite frequent claims that the monolith was excavated Dr. Bernardo Biados in 2001, it was actually photographed by him in 2001 at its current location, the Museum of Metals in La Paz, Bolivia, as part of a search for "anomalous" artifacts with E. F. Legner, an emeritus biologist at the University of California who began promoting alternative beliefs about prehistory after his retirement. Biados is a primary or secondary school (colegio) teacher at the Colegio Internacional del Sur in La Paz and the director of the "Center for Precolumbian History and Writing" at the Universidad de San Francisco de Asís in La Paz, though I am unable to find information about him at either school, or even a record of this Center existing outside alternative archaeology websites.

His photographs revealed a pattern of incised lines on the back of the statue. Explanations for these lines differ, but one of the more interesting is that they record constellations and possibly the appearance of a supernova over Bolivia circa 1000 CE.

It is important to emphasize that the monument’s artistic style and archaeological context clearly place it contemporary with Tiwanaku in the Middle Horizon to the beginning of the Late Intermediate period, i.e. circa 1000 CE. Alternative scholars, however, came to very different conclusions after viewing the incised lines.

Dr. Clyde Winters declared the lines Sumerian but written in “non-ligature Proto-Sumerian symbols.” The image at left from Biados' website is the reverse of the Pokotia Monument, and the image at right is an example of proto-cuneiform writing from the Cuneiform Digital Library. There is no “proto-Sumerian” writing, since Sumerian is a language and cuneiform is the script used to write it, just as English is written in the Roman alphabet. The only sources that refer to the script as “proto-Sumerian” instead of “proto-cuneiform” are those uncritically dependent on Winters. Proto-cuneiform was used circa 3000 BCE, some 4,000 years before the Pokotia monolith.
Potokia
Symbols on the reverse of the Potokia monolith. Rubbing appears on Bernardo Victor Biados Yacovazzo's website.
Proto-Cuneiform
Proto-cuneiform inscription from the Cuneiform Digital Library.
As should be obvious, the two sets of images bear only the most superficial resemblance.

Nevertheless, Winters proceeded to correlate the monument’s “script” with cuneiform symbols to produce a translation that revealed the monument as an oracle, and he implies that he is working closely with Dr. Biados, despite wrongly asserting that Biados “discovered” the monument in 2002, doubly untrue since the statue had been unearthed years earlier and Biados had photographed it in 2001.

But this is where the story gets weird. Winters concludes his discussion of the monument and the “translation” of its inscription by claiming that it supports ancient astronaut theorist Zecharia Sitchin, who is Winters’ source for the appearance of writing in South America prior to Columbus! Winters then claims that not only Sumerian but the Olmec and Indus Valley scripts can be understood with reference to something called the Vai writing system, which he takes to use identical syllable-sound pairings to these other tongues. (Winters, apparently the world’s most talented linguist, also claims to have deciphered Berber, Meroitic, Olmec and the Indus Valley writing.)

The Vai writing system is a syllabary devised by Momolu Duwalu Bukele of Jondu (now Liberia) in the 1830s and later modified in the 1960s. It can have no possible relationship to the Sumerians, Olmec, or Indus Valley peoples 3,000 years earlier.

Except in one way.

Dr. Clyde Ahmad Winters is an Afrocentrist theorist.

He believes that Black Africans were responsible for the achievements of the following ancient peoples: Egyptians, Greeks, Chinese, Olmec, and Peruvians. This is because, he claims, Black Africans were the inhabitants of Atlantis, which was in modern Libya, and spread its culture and people around the world, bequeathing Black civilization to all the other continents. This is why he feels all the ancient world languages are merely versions of Black Atlantean language.

Afrocentrism is a false pseudoscience that shares much in common with the ancient astronaut theory. Both propose a single explanation for ancient history (African dominance or space aliens) and both use almost identical evidence to support the notion that the cultural achievements of native peoples elsewhere in the world should be ascribed to the direct intervention or influence of African migrants or space aliens. As seen with Dr. Winters, as well as the Nuwabian movement, some Afrocentrists also cross over into ancient alien theorizing as a way of justifying the special nature of African peoples.

So, the alleged Sumerian writing on the Pokotia Monolith is little more than the wish-fulfillment projection of an Afrocentrist who saw what he wanted to see in ambiguous markings because of a pre-determined theory that itself rested on no firm evidence.

Naturally this is good enough proof for alien enthusiast websites and David Childress, who wrote an article about the monolith last year. As the old saying goes, consider the source.
10 Comments
Reason
7/25/2013 09:30:22 am

You should scrutinize Eurocentrism the same way you do Afrocentricity, since it is responsable for so many misconception you are convinced as cogents

there are obviously Sumerian markings on both artefacts
And your writing them as superficial Does not dismiss these conclusions since superficial means "on the surface", if these objects were discoverd in Europe would you be so pedantic especially if it wasnt an "BLACK AFRICAN" trying to decipher their markings.

The vie symbols were obtained from the Mande they are thousands of years older Than the Vie script just as the Roman writing system is thousands of years older Than the english Script or Alphabet,

Look with your eyes and not with your emotions

Reply
Van link
1/6/2015 03:49:05 pm

Thank you, this was refreshing.

When I am very tired and wanting to sleep I may watch the History Channel (now and oxymoron) for a few hilarious laughs that I can get from the ridiculous, formulaic story telling of outright lies to paint the fantasies of some eccentric narcissists. Shows like "In search of Aliens," where everything and anything ever done or discovered reveals that Jesus, Adolph Hitler, Zeus, and Oden were benevolent aliens--and that piles of rocks laying about are actually advanced alien technology "millions of years ahead of us.:

They ignore true scholarly work, empirical research, rudimentary rules of evidence, common sense, logic, critical thinking and the common sense of a common field mouse. They prefer to follow a formula that paints their fantasies out for them, whilst pretending that innuendo, vain imaginations, possible mental illness contrived hallucinations and perhaps drug induced paranoia are indeed facts by simply following their flawed and shoddy charade with the leading question "One has to ask themselves of.....elongated skulls are ET, Atlantis was ET, Oden's Spear was an ET high tech weapon, the US government is run by ETs, Jesus was an ET, the Nazis were equipped by ETs, the Egyptians were copying ET time travel, and so forth.

Thank you for a most informative article which save me some time. These guys are entertaining and I don't know if they truly believe their bull, but I am alarmed that so many people do.

Equally ludicrous is a show on the Non-History Channel called "America Unearthed," where the majority of the shows are occupied with faked Precolombian artifacts.


Reply
Michael
8/25/2014 06:19:19 pm

To the man who replied to Jason, you sir are an idiot. Show me any two symbols between the two examples that are vaguely the same. Eurocentricity has nothing to do with the fact that culture sprang up independently around the world.

Reply
Mindz
10/8/2014 11:12:49 am

" As the old saying goes, consider the source."

When I do that about you, I have a difficult time giving credence to any of your conclusions.

Reply
E.P. Grondine
9/11/2015 09:11:33 am

Hi Jason -

Nice piece of detailed detective work, and excellent writing.

I'd like to share with you two observations:

1) Generally, people believe what they want to believe, until reality intrudes.

2) The more any peoples' history is destroyed, the more they will create grandiose histories to replace them.

The way the trends are going, I expect a claim that the Watusi are descendants of "the Giants" to be promoted in the near future by "researchers" associated with this group. While that will be a narrow market, they will have all of it.


Reply
holy man
1/5/2016 03:06:19 am

the ancient alien hypothesis comes into play when we bring gold into the mix. The fact that so many cultures and people across the world have a fascination with an element that's otherwise practically useless. In terms of racism with the Ancient Alien crowd, its there. The eurocentric ancient alien crowd is all about degrading other cultures as just nobodies that were required as workers by the aliens, However when it concerns their own matters, than its not so much about the aliens, but the europeans looking for the alien tech or the ability to figure out and back engineer alien clues. Whether it germany, or roswell. However if the germans are looking for ancient aryan texts and the ancient alien texts describe a "black god", krishna as a central figure who gives culture and foundation to the civilized world, then afrocentrism has a right to suggest that, if krishna is an ancient alien that's far ahead of mankind, krishna is black, than a connection can be made that afrocentrism did play a role in ancient cultures outside of Africa. Why is it hard to accept that if semi-german Hitler went to go find dominant aryan culture in ancient aryan vedic texts, but found someone the most praised and powerful figure to be black, than why can't proponents of afrocentrism utilize those finding to promote their world view point. These writings weren't only sacred but they were honest. Which points out more than anything that there is a back story to humanity, that we may still not be advanced enough to have uncovered, and who knows how long it may still take us to accept. No offense to any of my yellow, brown, white, black, mixed, human beings siblings.

Reply
jason guthrie
1/17/2016 08:30:35 pm

i think it is abut cultures all over the world having very similar origins... we are only working with 1 percent of the story and it ia obvios that something strange happened. you cant explain negative bloodtypes, monolithic structures in the same line, giza and the thousands of mysteries including the golden number, ancient sonic healing with evidence showing symbols from sonitube sounds matchin ancient culture. egyptian shamans will tell you that alot of the pyramids were made for healing through sound and the body. i saw a 132 ton struture in bolivia today... why would these people move this around at 12,000 feet and how would they as well... human development directly counters evolution of every other million species on the same planet... these are quite difficult to explain. you guys seem more interested in seeing who is smarter rather than seeking the truth...

Reply
Phoenician
7/19/2018 08:39:30 pm

Lol, English is written in the Roman alphabet? alpha-bet, is greek who used the Phoenician script, A aleph alpha, B, bet etc they go further back than Rome which didnt even exist when the Canaanites first inhabited the Levant or maybe you can shed some light on that.

Reply
Roman-Greco
9/30/2019 11:01:02 pm

Latin and Greek always prior to Phoenician trade and alphabet like influence which was usage. Greeks had a alphabet prior to Phoenician trade and methodology influence. Greeks used their own alphabet during the trade which was descended from linear script b and a. So no you're mistaken on this bro. Latin and Greek letter usage is purely Indo-European as it is. So the English and Latin scenario is dead accurate as most all his articles here.

Phoenician is Alap/Alipu Bat/Bitu to Ta the last letter. Kananian-Phoenician has its own dialect and textual usage of words in seperation to Greek which is Indo-european obviously. Alpha Beta is the Greek see the difference in the trade and usage.

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Christopher B Allan link
10/16/2019 06:38:24 am

I have an interest in many things, ancient civilizations especially. I do not believe in ancient astronauts, however I am very aware that there is very much that we do not know or understand. To denigrate the theories of others is being narcissistic. The so-called establishment have many theories based on the flimsiest evidence.Anything which doesn't fit these theories is labeled "fake". As far as the Potokia monolith inscriptions are concerned, there is obviously much we do not know. Obviously the inscriptions must have had some meaning, whether there is any connection to Sumeria or not is doubtful. I am an advocate for approaching all things with an open mind, so lets concentrate on what the inscriptions can tell us about an area which supposedly had NO written language at all.

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