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Surprising News about the Solutrean Hypothesis Should Give Fringe History Believers Pause (But Likely Won't)

4/6/2015

41 Comments

 
Racists around the country will have some explaining to do after news reports confirmed what many have suspected for many years now, that the Solutrean people of Europe did not possess white skin. Worse, the evidence for the Solutrean hypothesis, regardless of who the Solutreans were, received a serious blow last week. Special thanks go to Andy White and Terry the Censor for linking me to the article’s I’m discussing today.
The Solutrean hypothesis, first put forward in the 1930s and revived more recently by Dennis J. Stanford and Bruce Bradley, suggests that the Solutreans, a group of prehistoric Spaniards from around 15,000 BCE traveled across the Atlantic and gave rise to the Clovis culture of the Americas around 11,000 BCE. The argument rests on the perceived similarity between Clovis stone tools and Solutrean stone tools. I discussed some of the problems with this hypothesis in an article for Skeptic magazine a decade ago.

Fringe history believers have long used the Solutrean claim as evidence for European primacy in the Americas, a belief that stretches back at least as far as the lost white race of Mound Builders the first European colonists imagined had been killed off by bloodthirsty Natives. As Scott Wolter told it on America Unearthed, the Solutrean hypothesis explains that white Europeans were the first Americans, long before Native Americans crossed over from Asia. White supremacists like John de Nugent, Kyle Bristow, and radio host Frank from Queens have gone still farther and proposed on these grounds that America was once a white cultural homeland, possibly the Garden of Eden, before “Beringians”—i.e., non-white Native Americans—crossed over and killed them all in a violent race war. As de Nugent put it:
The enemy of truth has a big problem with the issue of the Solutrean whites being here first and then the red man genociding him, for the whole story is didactic and instructive for white people today. It is the story of the first whites to build a great culture, and how they were crushed and died in slavery and agony after they became a minority in their own country.
Well, it turns out that the newest research indicates, according to Science (the magazine and the field of knowledge), that as recently as 6500 BCE the residents of Spain lacked the genes associated with white skin. Since this is also the case for the original population that settled Europe 40,000 years ago, the conclusion is that the Solutreans of 22,000-15,000 BCE must also have been dark-skinned. Light skin was a trait associated with an influx of Near Eastern farmers after 4000 BCE. In short, the Solutreans were not “white” “Europeans” in the modern sense, but much closer to the African populations they descended from.

Here’s Andy White’s blog post on the findings.

This is just one of several new challenges to fringe history’s view of the Solutrean invasion, and indeed to the Solutrean hypothesis itself. According to Dennis Stanford’s and Bruce Bradley’s 2012 book Across Atlantic Ice, the single most compelling artifact in support of the Solutrean hypothesis is the Cinmar blade, a stone tool dredged up from the ocean off Virginia in the 1970s by the trawler Cinmar along with a mastodon bone. Operating under the assumption that the two artifacts were associated with one another, carbon dating of the mastodon bone to around 25,000 BCE implied that the Cinmar blade was the oldest stone tool ever found in the Americas and therefore important evidence connecting New World stone tools to Solutrean tools made around the same time.

Critics have long complained that there is no evidence that the two artifacts were associated with one another and not, for example, the coincidental catch of the dredging from different layers or deposits. But a new article in the Journal of Archaeological Science has added fuel to the critic’s fiery complaints by uncovering discrepancies and apparent problems with the story of the fishing trawler that accidentally overturned history. According to the article by Metin I. Eren, Matthew T. Boulanger, and Michael J. O’Brien, nearly all of the facts presented by Stanford and Bradley are wrong:

  • CLAIM: The Cinmar artifacts were on display at the Gwynn’s Island Museum since the 1970s, according to Jeanne Tanner, the director of the museum, who claims to have personally placed them on display.
  • FACT: The museum wasn’t founded until 1991 and the room where they were supposedly deposited didn’t open until 1997. The Cinmar artifacts arrived at the museum in 2002, only after Stanford and Bradley proposed their Solutrean hypothesis, on loan from an artifact collector.

  • CLAIM: The location where the artifacts were discovered is known.
  • FACT: There is no contemporary documentary evidence of the dredging. All knowledge of the event came from the captain of the ship, in an interview 40 years after the event and just before his death.

  • CLAIM: The Cin-Mar (or Cinmar), the ship that dredged up the material, was a small wooden trawler from the 1950s whose tiny size meant that the mastodon bone and stone tool must have been gathered from locations close by each other.
  • FACT: The Cin-Mar was built in 1963 and was the largest wooden trawler in the region. The photograph Stanford and Bradley use is not of this ship, and they refused to cooperate with Eren et al. in determining the origins of their photograph.

Jennifer Raff has a terrific breakdown of the article and its implications here. The long and short of it is that it is now much more difficult to accept the claim at face value, or the value of the artifacts for determining anything about Solutrean involvement in the Americas.
41 Comments
Only Me
4/6/2015 08:35:34 am

I loved Jennifer Raff's point about the cultural movement trying to separate Native Americans from their own history:

"And while it has no scientific basis, the movement eagerly seizes on fringe archaeology and pseudo archaeology (think: basically everything on the History Channel) to justify their claims."

We all know that the race mongers won't change their minds, no matter how much evidence is available to prove them wrong. It won't take long for the excuses and accusations to come.

Reply
Barry Chepren, P.E.
5/5/2015 09:03:31 pm

I watched countless students waste their parent s money getting Useless Degrees in Archeology when I was in college. Just What qualifies as Fringe Archeology when the entire Art (yes Art, because it doesn't qualify as a science) has been called into question with recent discoveries that prove Man has been a sophisticated presence on earth for over 12000 years when Archeologists had humans sitting in caves at that time. What a Scam!

Reply
terry the censor
5/6/2015 06:30:58 am

Barry, read "Prehistory of the Mind" by archeologist Steven Mithen and your prejudices will be removed. Brilliant use of archeology and modern biology to illuminate the cognitive abilities of early man.

kbet
9/2/2015 01:41:02 am

The argument is retarded. Race isn't just skin coloration. Granted that is part of it, but race is bone structure, brain composition/size, genetics, immune system and other deeper factors.

Heck, according to genetics, Germans where a more tan people, before arriving in Central Europe. And GENETICISTS ALREADY ADMITTED, the "Natives", have Caucasian genetic material, they picked up, a good many years before Europeans arrived in North America.

You leftists lie through your teeth about everything, to fit your world view, and make the flimsiest arguments. When your arguments are debunked, you put your finger in your ears and hum real loud.
Combined with the FACT, that "Native American" culture, is a cheap knock off. Look at Sami weave patterns and "Native American", weave patterns, then compare with the Kennewick discovery(that the Clintons had a ton of toxic waste dumped on), and the fact, that a study shown 40% of Scientists would lie, to protect their beliefs(it was if they would lie if evidence supporting the existence of God was found), and the fact, that many leading experts in genetics, have pretty much admitted, they have been lying about race, for social issues.

Your ignoring the "Natives", own beliefs, and oral histories, where they describe light skinned people that where here before them, and that they hunted them down and killed them. Over time, they changed the story in a way to make it acceptable/justification for what they had done(they where cannibal giants).

Reply
terry the censor
9/2/2015 04:05:00 am

@strangely angry person

> And GENETICISTS ALREADY ADMITTED, the "Natives", have Caucasian genetic material

What point are you making with this statement?

A'lul'koy
7/28/2016 02:50:51 am

Native Americans don't have European DNA, it just that European's have Asian DNA. Oh and Kenniwick Man was Native American, so the Corps was right to cover it up with tons of Rocks!

Normandie Kent
5/26/2017 01:58:22 am

You are the one who is ignoring Native Americans own oral histories, since they have oral histories of Always being here. Or do you pick and choose which oral histories to suit your agenda? As it is right now in Genetics and archealogy, There was a complete population replacement in Europe during the Mesolithic, so you and the current modern population of white Europeans DO NOT descend from the Solutreans if they did make it to America, but the Native Americans would be their direct descendants, since they do have a large component of Ancient North Eurasian and West Eurasian DNA. You sure as heck have no connection to any Solutreans.

LadyGreenEyes
3/6/2019 03:44:05 am

That's true; many tribes have legends of killing white-skinned people. The Cherokee do; theirs states that there were white-skinned people in the SE when the Cherokee arrived there, and they ran them off, and/or killed them off. Other tribes have similar legends.

David Blaustein
3/9/2019 06:53:49 pm

“Germans where a more tan people, before arriving in Central Europe. And GENETICISTS ALREADY ADMITTED, the "Natives", have Caucasian genetic material, they picked up, a good many years before Europeans arrived in North America.”

Citation needed.

PaulN. link
4/6/2015 10:03:28 am

Not only do you have this, now they something else to deal with.
http://hsrd.yahoo.com/_ylt=A86.Jm638yJVBEwAmDmbvZx4;_ylu=X3oDMTN0YWI3YXZoBGJwb3MDMQRjY29kZQNnYQRjcG9zAzEwBGN0AzEEZwNkMzIzMzIwNi1hZmRkLTMzZTctOWQ5Yi1hNWI3M2RjNGI4ODYEaW50bAN1cwRpdGMDMARwa2d0AzQEcG9zAzEEc2VjA3RkLXN0cm0Ec2xrA3RpdGxlBHRlc3QDOTAx/RV=1/RE=1429563576/RH=aHNyZC55YWhvby5jb20-/RO=2/RU=aHR0cDovL2FydGljbGVzLmxhdGltZXMuY29tLzE5OTEtMDUtMDIvbmV3cy9tbi0xNDU5XzFfbm9ydGgtYW1lcmljYQ--/RS=%5EADA7rCgb6neQ8zKd2GFP0CODZAXlX4-

Reply
terry the censor
4/6/2015 06:56:24 pm

@PaulN

Tiny URL, young man!

http://tinyurl.com/

Reply
PaulN. link
4/7/2015 10:00:24 am

Sorry for the size of the URL, but in doing a cut-and-paste from Yahoo, this is what I ended up with. Anything shorter will not work.
The actual article was in yesterdays L.A Times.

terry the censor
4/7/2015 12:22:39 pm

Paul, can you link to the Times or provide the article title? Using your links just sends me to the Yahoo home page or a 1991 LA Times article.

Reply
The Other J.
4/20/2015 10:02:57 am

"Discovery Links Man to Americas for 36,000 Years"
L.A. Times, March 2, 1991
http://tinyurl.com/ou3na4g

Shane Sullivan
4/6/2015 12:33:12 pm

Oh my--and only weeks from World Solutrean Day!

Reply
mhe
4/6/2015 03:15:23 pm

Shoot! I was getting ready to nominate Mike Bara for Solutrean Man of the Year.

Reply
Clete
4/7/2015 03:45:56 am

I think that Scott Wolter should get, at the very least, an honorable mention.

titus pullo
4/6/2015 02:10:49 pm

Wow I guess the history channel will stop showing the Solutrean documentary I saw a few years ago. The real story here is one of incredible human effort and story, humans crossing a brutal land to colonize a new world. No it wasn't proto Europeans but Central/North Eastern Asians...we still know very little of the migrations across Beringia and into the Americas. What a story..still with so many questions and discoveries to make.

I only wish that we all could applaud our race, the human race and not it's "tribes." The Solutrean theory seems to be on its last legs and that's ok as long as it is judged by science/facts not politics.

Reply
Andy White
4/6/2015 03:56:55 pm

I wouldn't be so confident that the Solutrean hypothesis is on its way out. I think it will probably be around for a while and I think we'll likely see the debate get more heated in the near future.

Reply
Joe D.
4/7/2015 07:21:21 am

They will claim that others are trying to coverup the "truth". Very similar to any fringe theorist. Any evidence that pokes holes in their theories are actively trying to cover it up.

Hypatia
4/7/2015 04:24:03 am

"It has happened before. The bow and arrow were developed independently in the Americas and in the Old World. Writing developed on its own in the ancient Near East, in the ancient Far East, and in Mesoamerica. Witness, too, the mountains of paper devoted to supposed connections between Old and New World pyramid building and mummification."
You said it all in your 2006 Skeptic article.

Reply
Hypatia
4/7/2015 04:49:39 am

...may I add,
Agricultural planting, domestication, calendars, flat cakes, gods, oracles, and especially supremacist theories of the clan have all been independently invented as well.

Reply
Bob Jase
4/7/2015 05:25:50 am

I still fin it possible that Solutreans did make it to NA no matter what their skin color. However if they did then they either went extinct or were blended into other migrants from Asia (who also may have arrived in earlier times). There was certainly no white European magic empire in NA.

Reply
David Sweet
3/3/2017 07:29:37 pm

So true....and coupling that truthy with the established fact that there is no antithesis for Solutrean technologies emerging from asia nor that there is any possibility for a cultural group to have migrated across the bearing strait before Clovis carrying the Solutrean technological signatures found in western Europe and eastern mid-Atlantic America

Reply
Josh Carpenter
12/5/2017 01:21:27 am

As for the lack of similar bi-points in Asia, that is misleading.
The Ust'-Ul'ma site in the Russian Far-East, 50 miles WSW of present day Vladivostok, has blades very similar to Solutrean bi-point blades dated to 19,350 YBP. You can see examples in Wm Jack Hranicky's book "Bipoints Before Clovis: Trans-Oceanic Migrations and Settlement of Prehistoric Americas" pages 156-158. There are other sites in the Russian Far-East with similar looking bipoints (Osipovka, Selemdzha, Nepreyakhino dated to 31,000 YBP), so this isn't an isolated case. As Hranicky states several times, "the bipoint is found world wide".
That certainly would put the bipoint technology in the possible Beringian migration route a full 8,000 years before the Clovis Culture appears in New Mexico (and 8,000 years before the Beringian Land Bridge is covered by the rising sea level).

David Sweet
12/5/2017 09:07:25 am

Wm Jack Hranicky is a joke among professionals and amateur collectors alike. He is known to too many as a thief, a liar and an overly earnest over-achiever-wannabee. Numerous collectors I personally know will not allow him to touch a single artifact in their collections--he is reported by too manyto have stolen artifacts from collections in the owner's homes as well as at artifact shows.

I personally invited him to see the Mark Small Solutrean blades and points--he never even responded.

His conduct of the Virginia Fluted Point Survey caused the ASV to close it down...too many non-Clovis artifacts were being recorded as Clovis

I have a copy of Bi-Points Before Clovis--and I've read it. It is a nightmare of conjecture whereat Hranicky cites his own work more oftwen than anyone else's. Any given bi-point by the nature of it's being a bi-pointdoes not make it a technological match to Solutrean bi-points. I suggest you read Across Atlantic Ice and really study the technological foundations of Solutrean and Clovis as opposed to anything found in or coming out of Asia to the Americas. Core technologies, blade and flake tool technologies and the practice of outrepasse' flaking separate all other technologies from Solutrean/Clovis.

I wish I could post images here to point up Hranicky's pretentiousness and backward thinking--suffice to say that his turning so many points up-side down and claiming their bases are the actual working ends of the points is as vacuous and ill-thought out as it comes

Not one of these Asian bi-point artifacts shows outrepasse' flaking--not even a single one! Hranicky's work is a joke and is recognized as such by far too many people to be taken or spoken of as a serious work

neoGeo
4/8/2015 08:50:05 am

Europe's western coast could have
been settled by North Americans if
the same knapping method is found
in North America and Europe. this
then shows us a migration pattern.

Reply
David Sweet
3/3/2017 07:25:35 pm

Solutrean origins are found in a proto Solutrean technology emerging from North Africa. There is absolutely no foundation for the scenario given above

Reply
Ronald Thomas West link
4/29/2015 12:09:13 am

Solutrian isn't dead, it merely isn't proven. But then, neither is much of what is taken as gospel by science proven. I have a good laugh, time to time, when it occurs the people and culture who were burning witches a mere 500 years ago hold to anything remotely considered a definitive or empirically proven or dis-proven 'truth.' How about a 'litmus test' of self-veracity for western science? The appendix was faithfully described as a 'vestigial organ' for what seemed like a very long time (how many decades? Centuries?) and that 'Eureka!' moment within the last decade; the appendix is a perfectly modern, functional organ whose purpose is restarting the gut flora following a bout with dysentery. It follows, it is immaterial whether Solutrian people were White or Black, whether they possibly walked over ice or possibly arrived by sea, or didn't arrive at all. What is material is, the culture that produced western science is, in a sense, still burning witches.

Reply
Hypatia
4/29/2015 03:30:56 am

At least, no one is burning witches literally and burning books as well; that is what counts.

New discoveries and new scientific theories -- not contradicted by evidence but substantiated by same -- bring forth more debates, disputes and studies, and hopefully eventually a global consensus. True, the same homo sapiens species who burned witches, exterminated and enslaved populations are also involved in scientific pursuits, and there is a form of scientific dogma that resists change, especially when people have spent their whole career on writing at length on the questioned dogma and are considered academic authorities. Some have publicly and gracefully greeted the new findings, though, by being convinced by the evidence. Which is more than any religious dogma ever did, without first suppressing violently anybody and any book that questioned the dogma, sometimes for centuries or millennia, and most likely sometimes for ever.

There are also fraudulent scientific studies which fudge data, which are funded with financial incentives to publish borderline results, or which contain ideologically twisted interpreted results. Very unfortunate, but hopefully it gets cleared up before any policy gets implemented based on inadequate research and especially any drug or chemical gets put on the market recklessly.

It may not matter for the future who, where, when and how humans populated America, but it is a piece of the historical puzzle to solve, may bring more insight into our origins, more undiscovered sites and more applied techniques to find and understand the clues. Debates are healthy and clear the air from misunderstandings, misconceptions and in this case from racial undertones and motivations. Egos may suffer, careers too sometimes, but no one is incarcerated, tortured and executed.


Reply
W.F. Petri-Dish
5/10/2015 07:28:54 am

Popular theories come and go, from Piltdown Man to blood-letting to remove "bad humours" from the body. Even in our modern age, there were proponents of the coming Ice Age in such notable rags as the NYT, Newsweek, Time and Popular Science. Those damnable aerosols were going to cause it all. And now...it's all about global warming, massive man-made climate change. And if ANYBODY doesn't believe in this last canard, then you're an idiot, a malcontent, an anti-. That's the nature of science though...to question and examine the evidence. If everything was cut and dried, we'd have no need for lawyers either. Many of the most accepted theories and opinions were NOT accepted by the masses, in their day, so we all need to be very judicious and not filled with righteous indignation against those who disagree with majority. People makes mistakes, not always intentionally. Look what happened in the 2008 and 2012 elections. We may never recover from that ideological mental illness.

Reply
don hays
8/13/2015 01:55:36 pm

Do any of us REALLY know. ? Everyone's entitled to their opinion l know that if you look at a true Spaniard he is as white as any European and come from basically the same place , and gene study is o so new how can we be so damn sure we are reading that right? A lot of you have such smug opinions of yourselves , like you couldn't possibly be wrong Really????????

Reply
Just Saying
10/24/2015 05:21:53 pm

YOU SEEM INCREDIBLY ANTI-WHITE.

Reply
terry the censor
10/24/2015 06:35:32 pm

> YOU SEEM INCREDIBLY ANTI-WHITE.

Who, specifically, are you addressing?

Reply
Steve Timmermans
9/17/2016 09:32:39 am

Jennifer Raff has no better understanding, or better knowledge of, the various lines of archaeological, ethnographic, paleoecological, comparative lithic evidence that is increasingly lending support to the Solutrean Hypothesis. Neither does Metin Erin nor David Meltzer, despite the fact that the 'establishment' keeps allowing them to publish largely BS, off-the-mark nonsense in dispute of Solutrean. Raff also has no ability to be any more certain that X2a mtDNA derived from a Beringian route than from a trans-Atlantic route. If X2a is found in Siberia, then there is significant support that it did not derive from Europe, but that has not be found.

Reply
Normandie Kent
1/5/2017 05:07:42 pm

Steve Timmermans+ are you a geneticist? How many papers have you published and had peer reviewed? Native American X2a and the Middle Eastern X2b split over 30,000 years ago, they are not the same thing, and there is no evidence that X2b was ever present in Europe when the Solutrean culture thrived. You do not know what their genomes and haploids looked like because one has never been sequenced. X has been found in the Altai region of Siberia, that is intermediate between Native American X2a and Middle Eastern X2b. X is not Exclusive to Europe, Asia, Middle East or America, so you cannot say it was European or proof that Europeans brought to America, because it arose early in the Middle East and diffused to the rest of the world. Does the fact that recently they found a set of remains In Spain that were 7,000 years old called La Brana man who had dark skin and black hair his Ydna was C, since it is one of two Native Americans Haplogroups it is thought to have entered America 8,000 to 9,000 years ago. Does it mean that Native Americans entered Europe 8,000 years ago because La Brana had Ydna C? He did have Black hair and dark skin, haplogroup Q is the first Ydna haplogroup to enter America up to 30,000 years ago, but is also found in Scandinavia, Eastern and Central Europe, Southern Europe in France, Southern Sicily, Southern Croatia, Northern Serbia, parts of Poland and Ukraine,6 % of 412 samples from the island of Hvar in Southern Croatia, in Britain, and among the Ashkenazi People. haplogroup Q is older and more prolific in America at 90 % of all Native Americans, also they are seeing in European hunter gatherer, Mesolthic , Neolithic a d Modern Europeans, Amerindian like admixture. So instead of European hunter gatherer women with only 1 X haplogroup crossing the Atlantic Ocean ( in Inuit style Seal skinned boats) to teach the Native Americans to make spear points, there a better chance that it happened the other way around, with Native American men crossing the Atlantic ocean in big viking style ships, to teach the Solutreans how to make Clovis/ Solutrean hybrid spear points, the Native Men brought their Ydna Q and C haplogroups and brought one woman with her Mtdna X haplogroup, as a gift to the Solutrean men. With gratitude for the Native American men teaching their Clovis Point lithics to the Solutreans, the Solutreans give up some of their Daughters in gratitude to the Q and C Native men, and they leave their Ydna all over the European Islands and Mainland. Lets just forget Ydna Q and C and Mtdna X are Pan-Eurasian haploids and that they probably came from Siberia/Asia, and spread out from there to the rest of the world, because it is far more better for the self esteem and superiority complexes of some people, and for the simple fact that it gets people rocks off, to think their Stone Age ancestors crossed the Atlantic to bestow technology to other less accomplished Stone Age ancestors of other people.. For god sakes, gimme a friggen break!!

Reply
David Sweet
3/3/2017 05:39:21 pm

The idea that Solutrean peoples were caucasian flies in the face of reality whereat the origins of Solutrean technology are far more likely to have emerged out of north Africa rather than from anyplace else. A proto-Solutrean foundation is traced to Africa, and though slim in hard evidence it postulates that Solutrean peoples cannot very likely have been caucasian.

The nature of ideologies touting one race or another as first arrivals to the new world at this early period are largely without merit/ As such, speculations on the racial origins of first arrivals is symptomatic of attempts to deny even the American Indian as a legitimate heir to this hemisphere in lieu of supposed white supremicist claims to deny the American Indian his rightful place

Reply
David Sweet
3/3/2017 07:23:44 pm

To this must be added that I personally have handled more Solutrean artifacts from these shores than anyone outside of Dr Stanford's circle. Regarding the location of the dredged Cinmar artifact there is in fact a documented survey of the site and environs ( https://www.academia.edu/11753423/Cinmar_Site_Investigations_2013 )*
*This paper bears upon the location and environment of the Cinmar find.

The six Solutrean artifacts I have personally studied may be seen here ( http://www.angelfire.com/va/mobjackrelics/trimble/ttasolutrean.html )*
*These 6 artifacts' find locations are known to me personally--the two larger blades' find data has been recorded by Dr Stanford's team, the four projectile points' find data are known to me alone--I witnessed 3 of the four being found by the late Mark Small, the last, a bi-point was related to me by the same finder

I recently concluded the sale of the two large knives for the sum of $15K. I am soon going to be offering the four projectile points for sale.

Dr's Stanford and Lowery offered this comment (personal communication):
“Their existence appears consistent with other physical evidence found of very early day man living in the Chesapeake Region and using Solutrean technology to make tools to hunt and butcher mastodons.”

From Dr's Stanford and Bradley and Lowery's teammate Mike Frank (personal communication):
Mike Frank, owner of OCCOQUAN PALEOTECHNICS at www.occpaleo.com saw the images first--
Hello David,
Wow, these are fantastic! Has Dennis seen these? They look just like some of the Spanish Solutrean pieces we have in the lab, as well as the stuff from Smith Mtn, VA and other sites that are showing old dates past Clovis. Dennis is visiting Spain right now, but if he hasn’t seen this I will show up right away when he gets back. I love these pieces. Can you tell me where these were found?
Mike
(Mike Frank starred in a History Channel movie about Clovis Peoples, as the Clovis knapper)



These blades and points are from the collection of the late Mark Small of Gwynn's Island, VA, and were placed in my hands on consignment by his wife, Grace

Reply
Normandie Kent
5/26/2017 02:15:35 am

David Sweet+ yes, you are right. These people are trying to erase the history and accomplishments of the Native American people. Not only that, they are trying to rewrite the history of the Americas, and write the Native Americans out of it all together. It's this sick need to colonize the American past with their own ancestors. I think it a mental illness.

Reply
LadyGreenEyes
3/6/2019 03:38:17 am

Your claims are incorrect, and at least ten years out of date. A gene for white skin was found dating back tens of thousands of years. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/12/15/AR2005121501728.html?noredirect=on

But, hey, I guess it's ok to be racist against whites, right? People from the northern regions of Europe were white before then, too, and they don't know where that came from.

Reply
Nordic Neanderthal
3/7/2020 07:18:14 am

You have a real problem with X-mtdna.
It peaks in the Druze and Anatolia as well as North-Eastern Amerindians.
This seems to show that it comes from West Asia (where you are claiming light skin also comes from), how did you possibly come to the conclusion that Solutreans were of African descent?

X mtdna was probably significant in the Solutrean culture and spread by it; though it was over-run if so, no longer being present in Western Europe.
If one doesn't like the theory that Solutreans spread this maternal haplogroup then one must provide a better theory, so far there is none (X was not present in the Central Eurasian heimat of the Ancestral North Eurasians [from which Amerindians mostly descend]).

https://dna-explained.com/2016/01/28/native-american-haplogroup-x2a-solutrean-hebrew-or-beringian/

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        • Medieval Legends of Ancient Egypt >
          • Medieval Pyramid Lore
          • John Malalas on Ancient Egypt
          • Fragments of Abenephius
          • Akhbar al-zaman
          • Ibrahim ibn Wasif Shah
          • Murtada ibn al-‘Afif
          • Al-Maqrizi on the Pyramids
          • Al-Suyuti on the Pyramids
        • The Hunt for Noah's Ark
        • Byzantine World Chronicle
        • Isidore of Seville
        • Book of Liang: Fusang
        • Agobard on Magonia
        • Book of Thousands
        • Voyage of Saint Brendan
        • Power of Art and of Nature
        • Travels of Sir John Mandeville
        • Yazidi Revelation and Black Book
        • Al-Biruni on the Great Flood
        • Voyage of the Zeno Brothers
        • The Kensington Runestone (Hoax)
        • Islamic Discovery of America
        • The Aztec Creation Myth
      • Lost Civilizations >
        • Atlantis >
          • Plato's Atlantis Dialogues >
            • Timaeus
            • Critias
          • Fragments on Atlantis
          • Panchaea: The Other Atlantis
          • Eumalos on Atlantis (Hoax)
          • Gómara on Atlantis
          • Atlantis as Biblical History
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          • Santorini and Atlantis
          • The Mound Builders and Atlantis
          • Donnelly's Atlantis
          • Atlantis in Morocco
          • Atlantis and Hanno's Periplus
          • Atlantis and the Sea Peoples
          • W. Scott-Elliot >
            • The Story of Atlantis
            • The Lost Lemuria
          • The Lost Atlantis
          • Atlantis in Africa
          • How I Found Atlantis (Hoax)
          • Termier on Atlantis
          • The Critias and Minoan Crete
          • Rebuttal to Termier
          • Further Responses to Termier
          • Flinders Petrie on Atlantis
          • Amazing New Light (Hoax)
        • Lost Cities >
          • Miscellaneous Lost Cities
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          • Manuscript 512
          • The Idolatrous City of Iximaya (Hoax)
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          • The Elephants of Paredon (Hoax)
        • OOPARTs
        • Oronteus Finaeus Antarctica Map
        • Caucasians in Panama
        • Jefferson's Excavation
        • Fictitious Discoveries in America
        • Against Diffusionism
        • Tunnels Under Peru
        • The Parahyba Inscription (Hoax)
        • Mound Builders
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        • Tales of Enchanted Islands
        • The 1907 Ancient World Map Hoax
        • The 1909 Grand Canyon Hoax
        • The Interglacial Period
        • Solving Oak Island
      • Religious Conspiracies >
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        • The Many Wives of Jesus
        • Templar Infiltration of Labor
        • Louis Martin & the Holy Bloodline
        • The Life of St. Issa (Hoax)
        • On the Person of Jesus Christ
      • Giants in the Earth >
        • Fossil Origins of Myths >
          • Fossil Teeth and Bones of Elephants
          • Fossil Elephants
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          • Giants' Bones Dug Out of the Earth
          • Fossils and the Supernatural
          • Fossils, Myth, and Pseudo-History
          • Man During the Stone Age
          • Fossil Bones and Giants
          • Mastodon, Mammoth, and Man
          • American Elephant Myths
          • The Mammoth and the Flood
          • Fossils and Myth
          • Fossil Origin of the Cyclops
          • History of Paleontology
        • Fragments on Giants
        • Manichaean Book of Giants
        • Geoffrey on British Giants
        • Alfonso X's Hermetic History of Giants
        • Boccaccio and the Fossil 'Giant'
        • Book of Howth
        • Purchas His Pilgrimage
        • Edmond Temple's 1827 Giant Investigation
        • The Giants of Sardinia
        • Giants and the Sons of God
        • The Magnetism of Evil
        • Tertiary Giants
        • Smithsonian Giant Reports
        • Early American Giants
        • The Giant of Coahuila
        • Jewish Encyclopedia on Giants
        • Index of Giants
        • Newspaper Accounts of Giants
        • Lanier's A Book of Giants
      • Science and History >
        • Halley on Noah's Comet
        • The Newport Tower
        • Iron: The Stone from Heaven
        • Ararat and the Ark
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        • The Deluge
        • Crown Prince Rudolf on the Pyramids
        • Old Mythology in New Apparel
        • Blavatsky on Dinosaurs
        • Teddy Roosevelt on Bigfoot
        • Devil Worship in France
        • Maspero's Review of Akhbar al-zaman
        • The Holy Grail as Lucifer's Crown Jewel
        • The Mutinous Sea
        • The Rock Wall of Rockwall
        • Fabulous Zoology
        • The Origins of Talos
        • Mexican Mythology
        • Chinese Pyramids
        • Maqrizi's Names of the Pharaohs
      • Extreme History >
        • Roman Empire Hoax
        • America Known to the Ancients
        • American Antiquities
        • American Cataclysms
        • England, the Remnant of Judah
        • Historical Chronology of the Mexicans
        • Maspero on the Predynastic Sphinx
        • Vestiges of the Mayas
        • Ragnarok: The Age of Fire and Gravel
        • Origins of the Egyptian People
        • The Secret Doctrine >
          • Volume 1: Cosmogenesis
          • Volume 2: Anthropogenesis
        • Phoenicians in America
        • The Electric Ark
        • Traces of European Influence
        • Prince Henry Sinclair
        • Pyramid Prophecies
        • Templars of Ancient Mexico
        • Chronology and the "Riddle of the Sphinx"
        • The Faith of Ancient Egypt
        • Remarkable Discoveries Within the Sphinx (Hoax)
        • Spirit of the Hour in Archaeology
        • Book of the Damned
        • Great Pyramid As Noah's Ark
        • The Shaver Mystery >
          • Lovecraft and the Deros
          • Richard Shaver's Proofs
    • Alien Encounters >
      • US Government Ancient Astronaut Files >
        • Fortean Society and Columbus
        • Inquiry into Shaver and Palmer
        • The Skyfort Document
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        • Denver Ancient Astronaut Lecture
        • Soviet Search for Lemuria
        • Visitors from Outer Space
        • Unidentified Flying Objects (Abstract)
        • "Flying Saucers"? They're a Myth
        • UFO Hypothesis Survival Questions
        • Air Force Academy UFO Textbook
        • The Condon Report on Ancient Astronauts
        • Atlantis Discovery Telegrams
        • Ancient Astronaut Society Telegram
        • Noah's Ark Cables
        • The Von Daniken Letter
        • CIA Psychic Probe of Ancient Mars
        • CIA Search for the Ark of the Covenant
        • Scott Wolter Lawsuit
        • UFOs in Ancient China
        • CIA Report on Noah's Ark
        • CIA Noah's Ark Memos
        • Congressional Ancient Aliens Testimony
        • Ancient Astronaut and Nibiru Email
        • Congressional Ancient Mars Hearing
        • House UFO Hearing
      • Ancient Extraterrestrials >
        • Premodern UFO Sightings
        • The Moon Hoax
        • Inhabitants of Other Planets
        • The Fall of the Sky
        • Blavatsky on Ancient Astronauts
        • The Stanzas of Dzyan (Hoax)
        • Aerolites and Religion
        • What Is Theosophy?
        • Plane of Ether
        • The Adepts from Venus
      • A Message from Mars
      • Saucer Mystery Solved?
      • Orville Wright on UFOs
      • Interdimensional Flying Saucers
      • Poltergeist UFOs
      • Flying Saucers Are Real
      • Report on UFOs
    • The Supernatural >
      • The Devils of Loudun
      • Sublime and Beautiful
      • Voltaire on Vampires
      • Demonology and Witchcraft
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      • Religion and Evolution
      • Transylvanian Superstitions
      • Defining a Zombie
      • Dread of the Supernatural
      • Vampires
      • Werewolves and Vampires and Ghouls
      • Science and Fairy Stories
      • The Cursed Car
    • Classic Fiction >
      • Lucian's True History
      • Some Words with a Mummy
      • The Coming Race
      • King Solomon's Mines
      • An Inhabitant of Carcosa
      • The Xipéhuz
      • Lot No. 249
      • The Novel of the Black Seal
      • The Island of Doctor Moreau
      • Pharaoh's Curse
      • Edison's Conquest of Mars
      • The Lost Continent
      • Count Magnus
      • The Mysterious Stranger
      • The Wendigo
      • Sredni Vashtar
      • The Lost World
      • The Red One
      • H. P. Lovecraft >
        • Dagon
        • The Call of Cthulhu
        • History of the Necronomicon
        • At the Mountains of Madness
        • Lovecraft's Library in 1932
      • The Skeptical Poltergeist
      • The Corpse on the Grating
      • The Second Satellite
      • Queen of the Black Coast
      • A Martian Odyssey
    • Classic Genre Movies
    • Miscellaneous Documents >
      • The Balloon-Hoax
      • A Problem in Greek Ethics
      • The Migration of Symbols
      • The Gospel of Intensity
      • De Profundis
      • The Life and Death of Crown Prince Rudolf
      • The Bathtub Hoax
      • Crown Prince Rudolf's Letters
      • Position of Viking Women
      • Employment of Homosexuals
    • Free Classic Pseudohistory eBooks
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