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The Prophecy of Adam and the Pillars or Tablets of Knowledge

3/27/2014

15 Comments

 
I’m not quite sure what to make of the following information, but it is certainly odd enough. In Biblical literature, the world is destroyed in ancient times by the flood, and as apocalyptic theology developed, there came a notion that the other end of time would feature the inverse destruction, as reported in 2 Peter 3:6-7: “By these waters also the world of that time was deluged and destroyed. By the same word the present heavens and earth are reserved for fire, being kept for the day of judgment and destruction of the ungodly.” This imagined inversion of the past in the future has a very long afterlife that feeds into fringe history themes in a surprisingly skewed way.
That the prophecy is not unique to Christians is demonstrated by its repetition in Flavius Josephus’ Antiquities of the Jews (1.2.3), where he reports a version that attributes it to Adam:
They [the Children of Seth] also were the inventors of that peculiar sort of wisdom which is concerned with the heavenly bodies, and their order. And that their inventions might not be lost before they were sufficiently known, upon Adam’s prediction that the world was to be destroyed at one time by the force of fire, and at another time by the violence and quantity of water, they made two pillars, the one of brick, the other of stone: they inscribed their discoveries on them both, that in case the pillar of brick should be destroyed by the flood, the pillar of stone might remain, and exhibit those discoveries to mankind; and also inform them that there was another pillar of brick erected by them. Now this remains in the land of Siriad [i.e. Egypt] to this day. (trans. William Whiston)
Note that the Jewish version professes uncertainty about whether fire or water would come first. This is in contradiction to 1 Enoch 10:13-16, where God clearly explains that fire is the second destruction, which will consume the Watchers. This idea is preserved as well in the tradition recorded by Syncellus, where the Watchers’ sacred mountain, Mt. Hermon, will be destroyed by fire on the Day of Judgment.

The idea of the twin judgments appears yet again in the Latin text of the Life of Adam and Eve (49.3-50.2), a Late Antique version of the Jewish Apocalypse of Moses that was originally composed in the first century CE. This time, however, the prophecy is attributed to the Archangel Michael, and delivered to Seth and his brothers by Eve:
On account of your transgression, Our Lord will bring upon your race the anger of his judgement, first by water, the second time by fire; by these two, will the Lord judge the whole human race. But hearken unto me, my children. Make ye then tables of stone and others of clay, and write on them, all my life and your father’s (all) that ye have heard and seen from us. If by water the Lord judge our race, the tables of clay will be dissolved and the tables of stone will remain; but if by fire, the tables of stone will be broken up and the tables of clay will be baked (hard). (trans. R. H. Charles)
Here, the same theme is repeated, but the details have all changed. That this version is later and distorted seems to be indicated by the logical impasse—Eve states definitively that water comes first and then fire, yet she instructs that two sets of tablets be made as though she didn’t know which would come first. The knowledge so preserved has changed, too: now it is merely the story of Genesis, suggesting how such knowledge of Eden escaped the Flood.

Yet another tradition assigned the prophecy to Enoch, which is probably the oldest version of the story, but it is attested only in later literature. In Armenia, adaptations and translations of Jewish and Christian texts carry this version. The History of the Forefathers (41), the Armenian author, writes of Enosh (whom he has almost certainly confused for Enoch):
Seventh, that he made writings and wrote on stela(e) of baked brick and bronze, and he prophesied that the earth will pass through water and fire on account of the sins of humans. And he cast the baked brick into the water and the bronze into the fire, in order to test (them), if the fire was to come first, the bronze would melt, and if the water was to come first, the brick would be destroyed. And by this means he learned that the water was destined to come, and then fire. And these are a work of hope. (trans. in M. E. Stone, Armenian Apocrypha Related to Adam and Eve [Brill, 1996])
The logical conundrum caused by the author’s knowledge that Enoch knew that the Flood would come first is hereby resolved by revising the creation of the pillars as a test to determine whether flood or fire would first destroy the world. It’s a clever solution, and one that helps to integrate this tradition more completely into the Enochian literature, but it speaks to the fact that the pillars of brick and bronze and/or stone weren’t originally part of Enoch’s flood prophecy. Perhaps, then, the story was truly, as Josephus reported, the story of the works of the Watchers (rationalized as the Children of Seth), but re-appropriated from forbidden, evil knowledge to something pious and worthy of preservation.

The same story, though not as developed, appears again in the Armenian Abel (4.3-4), but in the uncertain form where Enosh/Enoch/Children of Seth remain unaware of the Flood:
However, we found that Enosh, son of Seth, made the letter(s) and called the planets by name. And he prophesied that this world would pass away twice, by water and by fire. And he made two stelae, of bronze and of clay, and he wrote upon them the names of the parts of creation which Adam had called. He said, “If it passes away by water, then the bronze (will) remain, and if by fire, then the fired clay.” (trans. in M. E. Stone, Armenian Apocrypha Related to Adam and Eve [Brill, 1996])

Both Armenian texts call Enosh one of the “Sons of God”—the Watchers themselves in Genesis 6:1-4—and that these sons sinned through fornication, implying that the interpretation I suggested above is correct and the story was first told of how the Watchers tried to save themselves from condemnation (cf. Forefathers 45 and Abel 4.5).

The Byzantine writer of the Palaea Historica completes the transformation, and he makes Enoch offer the prophecy to the giants, the sons of the Watchers!
When the giants heard that the righteous Noah was building an ark for the Flood, they laughed at him. But Enoch, who was still around, was also telling the giants that the earth would either be destroyed by fire or by water. And the righteous Enoch was doing nothing else but sitting and writing on marble (tablets) and on bricks the mighty works of God which had happened from the beginning. For he used to say: “If the earth is destroyed by fire, the bricks will be preserved to be a reminder [for those who come after] of the mighty works of God which have happened from the beginning; and if the earth is destroyed by water, the marble tablets will be preserved.” (trans. Andrei A. Orlov)
That this is not an entirely late development is shown by the fact that in the fragments of the Book of Giants found at Qumran, the giants have a dream about a tablet dipped in water that dissolves and prophesies the Flood (2Q26), and Enoch sends from heaven a tablet outlining the coming of the Flood (4Q530, frag. 2).

Beyond the Jews, the story is repeated, in an interesting variation, by the Roman writer Ammianus Marcellinus:
There are also [in Egypt] subterranean passages, and winding retreats, which, it is said, men skilful, in the ancient mysteries, by means of which they divined the coming of a flood, constructed in different places lest the memory of all their sacred ceremonies should be lost. On the walls, as they cut them out, they have sculptured several kinds of birds and beasts, and countless other figures of animals, which they call hieroglyphics. (Roman History 22.15.30, trans. C. D. Yonge)
Here, though, the story has been applied as a myth to explain the origin of Egyptian writing, already mysterious in the 380s CE when he wrote. It is the beginning of the secularization of the Jewish myth, and this finds full flower in early medieval Arab pyramid legends, which we can quickly see are the same Jewish story in new clothes, specifically those of Hermes Trismegistus, the magician they identified with Enoch, on the strength of the Greek tradition that Hermes had written books about the history of the Watchers and their invention of alchemy (Zosimus, Imouth 9 preserved in Syncellus 12). Thus, from this, Hermes became the actor in the drama in his own right:
This Hermes is the one the Hebrews named Enoch […] he was the first to predict the Flood and anticipate that a celestial cataclysm would befall the earth in the form of fire or water, so, fearing the destruction of knowledge and the disappearance of the arts, he built the pyramids and temples of Upper Egypt. (Said al-Andalusi, quoting Abu Masar Al-Balkhi, Al‐tarif bi-tabaqat al-umm 39.7-16, my trans.)
Note the specific inclusion of “fire” and “water,” marking this as a derivative of the Jewish tradition, applied backward from Enoch to Hermes Trismegistus. From this we get a still more derivative version in which late medieval Arabic writers re-historicized Hermes back into the pharaoh Khufu, known from his Greek and/or Syriac transliteration in Manetho, Suphis or Surid. This king, before the Flood, had a dream which he priests told him involved the destruction of the world by water and fire: “After a thorough review, it was recognized that a deluge would occur after which would appear a fire out of the constellation Leo which will burn the world” (al-Maqrizi, quoting Ibn Wasif Shah, Al Khitat ch. 40, my trans.). Therefore, Surid and his priests “wrote on every surface of the pyramids, the ceilings, foundations, and walls, all the sciences familiar to the Egyptians.”

Here the stories intersect with fringe history, for it is at this point that fringe historians take up the story and consider that the stories of Surid, Hermes, and Enoch are independent and therefore confirmation of the reality of outside intervention (alien, Atlantean, or otherwise) in mythic event that developed gradually over time in cultures largely unrelated to Egypt.

Andrei A. Orlov, in reviewing the Jewish and Christian (but not Arab) documents, concludes that the original story was told of Enoch and later ascribed to Seth. I think, though, that it’s possible that the Watchers were the first actors in the prophecy and tablet story, and that in Judaizing the tale, they had Enoch interpolated into them. Otherwise, it doesn’t make sense how Enoch could know about the fire and flood and yet waste his time making 50% more tablets and/or pillars than necessary. I think it’s also important to note that Enoch is a descendant of Seth himself, so the divergent versions (Enochian and Sethite) aren’t really that far apart.

Perhaps the first version was modeled on a Mesopotamian tale, like that of the Enuma Elish, in which Marduk gains the wisdom of the Tablets of Destiny and the sons of the gods—the Anunnaki—build towers in Babylon, or the mountain gods and slutty women recorded by the Phoenician Sanchoniathon, as preserved in Eusebius: “These begat sons of vast bulk and height, whose names were conferred upon the mountains which they occupied: thus from them Cassius, and Libanus, and Antilibanus, and Brathu received their names. Memrumus and Hypsuranius were the issue of these men by connexion with their mothers; the women of those times, without shame, having intercourse with any men whom they might chance to meet.”  These are the mountains around Mount Hermon, and the sons of these gods were the inventors of the rudiments of civilization, including hunting, fishing, sailing, and medicine.

There is a tension in the story of 1 Enoch between the Watchers, who descend to earth and teach all manner of knowledge, including metallurgy and astrology, and Enoch, who also descends to earth with wisdom of the cosmos to record for all time. One type of knowledge is forbidden and evil—the type of scientific knowledge associated with the values of Babylon (cf. Berosus on Oannes) and Greece (cf. Prometheus’ teachings in Prometheus Bound)—and the type of knowledge that is good and wholesome, namely that of God and the angels. Anathea Portier-Young makes just this point in her chapter on 1 Enoch in the new anthology The Watchers in Jewish and Christian Traditions, where she sees Enoch as representing truth and Judaism against a wider Mesopotamian-Hellenistic environment. In that context, it seems to me likely that all of the problems with the story stem from its author’s efforts to remake a lost pagan or pre-monotheistic polytheistic Hebrew story in Jewish guise.

15 Comments
Gunn
3/27/2014 09:06:13 am

Of Hermes: "...so, fearing the destruction of knowledge and the disappearance of the arts, he built the pyramids...."

Hhmmm. I pretty much came to the same conclusion, or least thinking the pyramids might double-purpose as ancient "bomb shelters" against perils from the sky...even to this day, I suppose. Of course, an earlier outside smooth surface would make a difference in the seemingly lost art of dealing with celestial glancing blows against humanity.

Well, we know by now that the flood came, so yes, next will be fire in the predictions. But that all-consuming firing-up of Earth will be a long time from now...there is the Millennium to consider, for instance. Afterwards, we are talking about a new Heaven and a new Earth, the former being consumed by fire if I am not mistaken. But, alas, we can also expect heavenly outbursts and strange things in the sky before that time. What is Wormwood, for instance, and when is its time?

Not for weak hearts. Metal roofs, anyone?

Reply
Only Me
3/27/2014 07:05:22 pm

I sincerely hope this is an attempt at humor.

Bomb shelters. Really. Because it just makes good sense to spend generations to learn how to make perfect pyramids, then turn around and seal them.

"In the event of fire raining from the heavens to consume the earth, through divine edict, please remain calm and proceed to the nearest pyramid. An official will be along shortly, to explain just how screwed you are."

Since no one else has proposed it, I speculate that the pyramids were upscale condos for the Elohim. This housing practice was brought to Mesoamerica by the invading giants and taught to the ancestors of the Maya, before said giants began murdering the hapless womenfolk through wanton acts of rape and eventually settling on surprise buttsex with each other in the streets.

Reply
Azazel
3/28/2014 12:03:08 am

But without the collaboration with first the Greeks, and next with the Romans, none of these texts would have originated, and therefore some fabulous texts dating from the time of Claudius, Nero and Galba would never have arisen

Gunn
3/29/2014 02:52:03 pm

I was thinking that the pyramids would be unsealed, mummified corpses removed, and the elite would enter...and there would be a temporary re-sealing...much as our own Dear Leaders would squirrel themselves away in the even of nuclear disaster. The pyramids would seem to offer a bit of flood insurance, too, I would think, in which case the elite would anchor themselves to the top of the pyramids...probably by use of a faering-like craft, and using some kind of stonehole-like adaptation. Why not?

Only Me
3/29/2014 03:20:22 pm

"Why not?"

1) The pyramids were sealed, with the intent the inner chambers never see the light of day again.
2) Removing the mummy/mummies would not be necessary, it/they would already be encased in sarcophagi.
3) If the Egyptian elite anchored themselves to the pyramids during a flood, as you propose, then they automatically become equal candidates for some of the scenarios that comprise your favorite subject of speculation (oops!).

KIF
3/27/2014 09:12:14 am

These religious texts should of course be read parallel to the political history of the relevant period, in order to put them into proper context and to understand them

Reply
KIF
3/27/2014 09:44:41 am

Reprisal, contemporary adaptations and revisionism wasn't mere story-telling and nothing else

Reply
J.A.D
3/27/2014 09:46:12 am

The Sahara was more lush and green in areas
some 10,ooo to 8,ooo years ago. There have
been alternating cycles of lush vegetation and
dry spells. Was Eden in the brief window between
the dry spell of 13,000 years ago and today's one?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistoric_North_Africa

Reply
Dave Lewis
3/27/2014 12:18:38 pm

I've made it about half way through "The Watchers in Jewish and Christian Traditions." I'm learning a lot about what various Enoch scholars have to say about the Watchers.

Reply
Night Fear
3/27/2014 01:55:20 pm

I bet those scholars don't go beyond the storytelling stages

Reply
dianabuja link
3/28/2014 12:28:19 am

I do enjoy your blog entries, and cannot find where to subscribe via email. So, please could you add me to your email list - and thank you very much.
PS - Michael Dunn, whom you referenced in a recent blog, is an old friend and colleague from Cairo days.

Reply
NelyMath link
11/10/2017 02:03:33 am

Dear Jason, I am reading your blog where you mentioned the following, " Andrei A. Orlov, in reviewing the Jewish and Christian (but not Arab) documents, concludes that the original story was told of Enoch and later ascribed to Seth". one question came into my mind, where is Islam in all this? many of you ( meaning people who takes on these subjects, like Rita Jean Moran ) only talk or criticizing Jews or Christians but none talk or reveal anything or bring some critics about Islam. WHY , is this because Islam only came in the picture in 620.... can you please give me an answer? thanks

Reply
Matt
11/10/2018 02:11:01 am

Some added intrigue.

You quoted from the book of "Adam and eve", but left out an interesting verse that might answer some speculation.

In the book of Adam and eve, were told that Noah was commanded to take the dead body of Adam, along with the 3 gifts God gave Adam when parting the garden of eden (gold, insence and mirth) and Barry them all together once the flood recedes and they reach dry land. They are spacificly told to barry Adam and the 3 gifts "in the center of the earth).

Interesting enough, in the book of Enoch, before Enoch is taken up to heaven (before the flood), he commands his 3 sons to build a great alter in the land of egypt.

The Jewish historian Josephus talks about this alter, which he says still stands in Egypt today, as being built by The sons of seth. Enoch children would have been considered sons of Seth, because they were richeous. The sons of Cain were not richeous, and therefore did not have the title of "sons of seth".

So whatever this "alter" was that Enochs sons build in the center of egypt, Josephus said it still exsisted in the 1st century.

And we're told that Adam and the 3 gifts were barried in the center of the earth.

Could the great pyramid have been built by Enochs sons, because Enoch knew the flood was coming, and knew that Adam would be barried their once the flood receeded as commanded by God?

We're also told in the book of Adam and eve that the place Adam is barried would eventually be looted, and the 3 gifts be taken. And that the 3 gifts would reappear, as the 3 gifts given to Jesus by the 3 wise men.

We know their is no known information about what was originally in the great pyramid, because it was looted and theirs nothing left to show for.

The great pyramid has amazing symbolism of earths solar system, size, etc . .

If they were told to Barry Adam in the center of the earth, and the great pyramid come to find out is in the exact center of earths land masses, it only makes sense that this pyramid was build for Adam after the flood waters receeded.

God loved Adam so much. Who would have thought that the greatest building ever built, to this day, was a tomb erected for gods beloved.

Reply
A DAM
7/4/2019 03:33:53 am

Knowledge is to know the code K Now Ledge. The evil is the language of English. LIVE - MIRRORS EVIL - DEVIL MIRRORS LIVED - GOD IS A MAN Amen AND HE IS COMING THE FIRE IS THE SUN OF GOD. The Father- The Son - The Holy Ghost - Father Time - The Sun - Mother Earth - Sound is God - Namaste- Na Ma Stay - Jason and The Argonauts- Ja Son and The Are Gone Nots - Free Dumb - is knowing Life is a Gift Stay Present and All Will Be Saved. Stop Spreading Fear and Scaremongering. GEEZ US AMERICA - A Me Are I See A - It is ALL Eazy - E A-Z Why - A Machine - A Ma See Hi In E - Ma - Chi - Ne - A Family Affair - Center of The Earth - Two Men One Ghost rest is illusionary - If The Son Dies Before The Father Then We See The Fire From The Sun. EVERYTHING IS A METAPHOR WHAT IS A METTA FOR - CHANGE YOU ALL BETTER START CHANGING OR THE SON WILL COME RESPECT MOTHER (EAR)TH. THE KEYS ARE IN THE PHREE QUIN SEES ALL CURES FOR DISEASE HERTZ NO LONGER AND TRUTH IS LIGHT HEAVEN ON EARTH IS COMING ALL MISIAH SPEAKS THROUGH SPEAKERS HEADPHONES AND THE SLAVERY WILL END. THE TREES AND SOIL WILL BE THE MONEY AGAIN WHEN WE HAVE STOPPED THE RAINS OF TERROR REIGNS OF SHARING AND GIFTS WILL BE FOREVER WHEN WE ARE DONE NO NEED TO LOOK TO THE SKY AS WE WALK AMONG THEE BRINGING THE LIGHT SUNS SHALL SHINE TO OPEN EYES AGAIN IF WE DO NOT CHANGE SOON. THE KILLING WITH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL AND FOOD THE SACRIFICE OF ANIMALS FOR PLEASURE THE POLLUTION OF THE AIR AND SKIES TO TRY AND STOP THE LIGHT IS ALL READY MAKING THE EARTH QUIET BUT IT HAS EARS AND IT MAKES CALLS TO THE OTHER LIVING MARS VENUS MERCURY - Ma Ours - Ve In Us - Me Ours See You Are Why - Miracles- THE MIRROR CALLS WE ARE ALL ET'S or wait Stars Falling Keepers of The Secrets No Longer Will You Keep The Poor People Slaves The Power Has Shifted We Are Taking The World Back For If We Don't The World Will End Your Greed Will Be Forgiven But The Vampire's Demons and Angel's all the same stealing from the living will be lifted. OG'S Going from sol to soul no more Spreading lies lions dens masons my families Secrets The Cross vs. Disney fighting over me The Sun Geez Us A dam Apollo God is A Man And a Machine A Mom Died A Father Lied A Sons Sight Turned To Light The Second COMING of See(C) Our(R) Eyes(I) Is(S) Cross Your Fingers Hope To Live or Was it Your T's. Most people go for the fame and money from the Magic - MA G I See - some want a better world for all or maybe it is just me. If they try and stop me my guess I'll come back stronger like my brother Jimmy Cliff.

A Dam or A Damn or A Damb or Adam

Reply
Charles Verrastro link
5/22/2020 07:34:09 pm

I came across an interesting discussion of the Nordic runic scholar and Rosicrucian Johan Bureus' take on the tradition of the Pillars of Wisdom, which he equated to his own system called Aldaruna:

Bureus’ ideas were to a large extent bolstered by his Gothic interpretation of history. As he was well aware, a number of early modern scholars had explicitly situated alchemy in the historical context of a prisca theologia, a move that enabled him to forge a link between alchemy and the Scandinavian runes. So, for instance, Bureus collected extensive excerpts from the Congeries Paracelsicae chemiae (1581) of the Belgian physician and alchemist Gerhard Dorn, one of the foremost popularisers of Paracelsus’ works. He devoted particular attention to Dorn’s account of how Adam, infused by the light of God, had invented all the arts and sciences. To make sure that this divine wisdom remained intact for future generations, his sons had engraved two tablets of stone, describing “all natural arts in hieroglyphical characters.” After the Flood, one of these tablets was found on Mount Ararat by Noah, who passed the knowledge on to his descendants. From them it later spread to Chaldea, Persia and Egypt, where it flourished under the divine supervision of Hermes Trismegistos. In the course of time, however, the “universal knowledge” of Adam gradually deteriorated and fragmented into different disciplines, so that “one man became an astronomer, another magician, a third cabalist, and a fourth an alchemist.”22
20) N24, 36v, 133v, 164r. 21) N24, 143v. 22) Dorn, Congeries, 154-155, quoted in extenso in N24, 79r. Dorn’s account of the prisca tradition in the Congeries was to a large extent based on the pseudo-Paracelsian Aurora philosophorum, which he had translated and published some years earlier. For valuable discussions, see Philipp Redl, “Aurora Philosophorum,” Daphnis, 37 (2008), 689-712, and Didier Kahn, “Le début de Gérard Dorn d’après le manuscrit autographe
509H. H åkansson / Early Science and Medicine 17 (2012) 500-522
Dorn’s exposition of the prisca tradition was hardly original, and similar accounts can be found in a number of early modern works. Even the idea of the two stone tablets—the legendary “pillars of Seth”—was a commonplace notion, tracing its origin to the Jewish Antiquities of Josephus. For Bureus, however, Dorn’s account was significant in that it identified Noah as the discoverer of the tablets, thereby forging a solid connection between the wisdom of Adam and the ancient Goths. If the Goths were the direct descendants of Noah’s grandson Magog, as a number of Scandinavian scholars claimed, it seemed quite possible that Magog had brought the wisdom of Adam—original, undivided, and untainted—to Sweden shortly after the Flood. Next to Dorn’s account of how Adam’s “universal knowledge” had been engraved in “hieroglyphic characters,” he noted: “And the runes, too, are universal, so that all the artes are contained therein.”23

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