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Turkish Government Funds Documentary Claiming Göbekli Tepe Was Built by Abraham’s Father and Destroyed by Abraham

1/10/2017

16 Comments

 
​Remember how fringe writers including Andrew Collins and Graham Hancock have heavily implied that the ancient Turkish site of Göbekli Tepe had been constructed by a lost civilization related to or identical with the Nephilim and/or Atlantis? Well, it turns out that the Turkish government has done them one better by funding a documentary that claims the ancient temple site to be the work of the patriarch Abraham’s idol-worshiping father Telah, according to an account from the Turkish Hürriyet Daily News newspaper, the country’s oldest and most respected English-language news source.
​Göbekli Tepe dates back at least 12,000 years, which would, by most religious chronologies, make it far too old be associated with Abraham, who is usually placed around 1800 BCE. Of course, if you are a religious fundamentalist, you probably don’t accept modern dating techniques.
 
The documentary was produced and funded by the Diyarbakir provincial governor’s office, the Turkish Development Ministry, and the Turkish Radio and Television Corporation, the nation’s public broadcaster.
 
According to a translation produced by Hürriyet Daily News, the narrator of the program describes the site and says the following: “Who can tell us that it was not Aser [Terah], father of Prophet Abraham, who built the statues in Göbeklitepe? Or can we claim that the temple where the idols that Prophet Abraham broke was not Göbeklitepe?” The documentary identified one broken pillar, featuring a sculpture of a fox, as the specific idol broken by the hand of Abraham himself.
 
The claim refers back to an Islamic tale, found in the Qur’an (21:51-71), and based on earlier Jewish folklore that Abraham’s father made idols which the young patriarch smashed in his zeal for monotheism. In the Qur’anic account, Abraham has a conflict with the people of Ur, in which they vouch for the efficacy of their idols. To prove them wrong, “in the people’s absence he went into the temple where the idols stood, and he brake them all in pieces, except the biggest of them; that they might lay the blame upon that” (21:58, trans. George Sale). The people of Ur then try to burn Abraham alive for his desecration, but God saves him from the flames.
 
An earlier version of the story, set in a store rather than a temple, appears in the Jewish Genesis Rabbah, which I quote from an unsigned 1917 translation:
Terah, the father of Abraham and Haran, was a dealer in images as well as a worshiper of them. Once when he was away he gave Abraham his stock of graven images to sell in his absence. In the course of the day an elderly man came to make a purchase. Abraham asked him his age, and the man gave it as between fifty and sixty years. Abraham taunted him with want of sound sense in calling the work of another man's hand, produced perhaps in a few hours, his god; the man laid the words of Abraham to heart and gave up idol-worship. Again, a woman came with a handful of fine flour to offer to Terah’s idols, which were now in charge of Abraham. He took a stick and broke all the images except the largest one, in the hand of which he placed the stick which had worked this wholesale destruction. When his father returned and saw the havoc committed on his “gods” and property he demanded an explanation from his son whom he had left in charge. Abraham mockingly explained that when an offering of fine flour was brought to these divinities they quarreled with one another as to who should be the recipient, when at last the biggest of them, being angry at the altercation, took up a stick to chastise the offenders, and in so doing broke them all up. Terah, so far from being satisfied with this explanation, understood it as a piece of mockery, and when he learned also of the customers whom Abraham had lost him during his management he became very incensed, and drove Abraham out of his house and handed him over to Nimrod. 
​This story, like the one in the Qur’an, is implied to have taken place in the Ur of the Chaldees.
 
So how did the city of Ur become Göbekli Tepe? That also goes back to medieval Jewish and Muslim lore. While today many would identify the Ur of the Chaldees with the Mesopotamian city of Ur, in Late Antiquity and the early Middle Ages, the Mesopotamian city had been forgotten or downgraded. As a result, the birthplace of Abraham became identified with the Turkish city of Edessa (since 1984 named Şanlıurfa), likely because of its Armenian name, Uṙha, and Syriac name, Urhai, which sound similar to Ur. This was not a universal identification, though; Eusebius, quoting Alexander Polyhistor quoting Pseudo-Eupolemus, identified Ur of the Chaldees with Camarina, the ancient Mesopotamian city of Ur (Praeparatio Evangelica 9.17). To complicate things further, other sources identified Edessa with Erech (Uruk), the Biblical city of Nimrod. Jacob of Edessa, who died in 708 CE, knew nothing of the Ur connection. The fourth century St. Ephrem, also a resident of Edessa, said that Edessa was Nimrod’s Erech, but he also sometimes used the name Urhoe for Edessa, which connects back to Ur rather than Uruk. The sequence of the jumble of identifications is not entirely clear. The long and short of it is that the events of Abraham’s life were visited on the region around Edessa for two reasons: First, because Late Antique writers assumed that the family of Noah stayed close to where the Ark was believed to have landed, on Mt. Judi, and second, because the prestige of the star-worshiping people of nearby Harran made for a reasonable location for a city of astrologers, such as folklore had said Abraham had studied under and from whom he later taught astrology to the Egyptians (Eusebius, Praeparatio Evangelica 9.17).
 
The close proximity of Edessa to Harran and the nearness of both to several important Neolithic sites led Andrew Collins to declare that the whole of the area was the Biblical playground of Seth and Cain, with Göbekli Tepe the famed twin Pillars of Wisdom set up by Enoch (or Seth, etc.) to preserve the antediluvian wisdom of the Watchers from the prophesied destruction by fire or flood, a prophecy dating back to Babylon (Seneca, Natural Questions 3.29). He imagines that the story of the twin pillars reflects an ideology of twindom in ancient times. “The central pillars at Göbekli Tepe,” he wrote, “are perhaps allusions to this twin tradition…” The claim about the importance of twins comes from J. Rendel Harris’s 1913 book Boanerges, but I don’t really have space to get into that book. Collins assumed that the reflection of Biblical stories in local place names indicated that they were the inspiration for Biblical events, though one might just as easily argue that Biblical legends were localized at the sites for ideological reasons. Collins, writing in Göbekli Tepe: Genesis of the Gods, ends up relating the Pillars of Wisdom to the Jewish legend of the tomb of Adam and the prophecy of destruction by fire and flood, and ties it all together with Immanuel Velikovsky’s catastrophism. Collins, mind you, is still sore at Graham Hancock for “stealing” his idea that a comet destroyed the antediluvian world.
 
Meanwhile, back in Turkey, the claims are a bit less baroque, and certainly less apocalyptic. It appears that the Turkish government and television producers were simply going for some old-fashioned Qur’anic literalism coupled with a dash of Turkish nationalism that happily accepted medieval legends that give Turkey pride of place in Qur’anic events.
 
Archaeologists in Turkey were not happy.
 
“Within the framework of results that were obtained through scientific methods, Göbeklitepe dates back to 11,800-8,600 BCE. Here we see that there is a gap of around seven to eight thousand years between the date that scientific research has proved and the dates of religious references. Therefore, from this perspective, there are many problems in depicting Göbeklitepe as a communal site related to Prophet Abraham,” archaeologist Nezih Başgelen told the Hürriyet Daily News. “Showing the statues as idols that were broken is dangerous targeting,” he said.
 
The Turkish government has not been shy about embracing convenient fringe history claims. In 2014, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan famously endorsed the fringe history claim that Christopher Columbus saw a Muslim mosque upon arriving in Cuba because it was convenient for Turkish-Cuban relations at the time.
16 Comments
RG
1/10/2017 12:27:56 pm

Not sure what it has to do with Turkish government. Just straight forward marketing in order to get some tourists there.

Reply
A Buddhist
1/10/2017 01:05:48 pm

This is concerning, as the Turkish government is becoming increasingly Islamicized. So here the Turkish government is promoting Islam.

Reply
Tom
1/10/2017 12:51:51 pm

A very silly tale, perhaps told to foster a sense of national unity in such troubled times.
The medieval stories date from a time when the Eastern Empire as the "centre of the world" was also trying to do the same
Abraham also supposedly founded the "city" of Mecca with a little help from Ishmael, so here is more "proof" that from the very beginning he was a good Muslim.

Reply
Bob Jase
1/10/2017 01:42:31 pm

Religion - fact free for millenia before American politics caught up.

Reply
Only Me
1/10/2017 01:58:24 pm

It's more hilarious than troubling when a nation as rich in history as Turkey has to resort to such obvious lies to prove it's historically significant. At least archaeologists are speaking out about it.

Reply
V
1/10/2017 02:45:45 pm

The sad part is that Turkey has some real, legitimate claims to historical significance that have nothing to do with religious claims. The Ottomans weren't precisely backwater pikers, after all.

Reply
Not the Comte de Saint Germain
1/10/2017 08:59:02 pm

Forget the Ottomans. If you reach as far back in the region's history as the Turkish government is apparently willing to do, Turkey is one of the most important places in the world. The Byzantine Empire, countless influential figures in Christianity, the great Hellenistic kingdoms in Asia Minor, the Greeks of Ionia—the invention of money! And that's before you get as far back as the Bronze Age, let alone the Neolithic sites like Çatalhöyük and Göbekli Tepe. The region around Göbekli Tepe is nearly as important to the development of civilization as Mesopotamia. I think I read some time ago about some genetic study saying that modern wheat was probably domesticated in Turkey, or something like that.

On reflection, that long history may be part of the problem. The Turks may be genetically the same as the people who lived there for millennia, but their culture derives from that of the Ottomans and the Turkic states that preceded them. Turks may not feel all that close to early Christian or Hellenistic culture. Tying Göbekli Tepe to Islam may be a way of connecting modern Turkish culture with the land's pre-Turkic, pre-Islamic past. That's my wild speculation, anyway.

An Over-Educated Grunt
1/10/2017 10:39:06 pm

Actually the Greens largely left I the 1920s after the failure of the Greek army to take Istanbul. Modern Turks are primarily Turkic, which means descent from steppes warlords.

But yeah, they really don't need to fringe it up.

Not the Comte de Saint Germain
1/11/2017 02:40:34 am

Cultural identity bears a poor relationship to actual genetics. The modern inhabitants of Turkey are still descendants of the Greeks who lived 2,000 years ago; everybody in the region is. And their genetic makeup is more West Asian than Central Asian, despite the influx of the Turkic peoples from the steppes.

John Hoopes
1/15/2017 12:17:49 pm

Jason writes, "Collins, mind you, is still sore at Graham Hancock for 'stealing' his idea that a comet destroyed the antediluvian world."

His idea? Wasn't that idea the one promoted by Ignatius Donnelly in "Ragnarok: The Age of Fire and Gravel" (1883), who suggested it was a comet that destroyed "Atlantis: The Antediluvian World" (1882)?

Reply
Sophie
1/21/2017 06:42:44 pm

I suspect the problem with the claims of who built Göbekli Tepe are going to be explaining whether or not the carvings have some ritual purpose (Like a protective talisman) or are conveying some sort of narrative. If (As I suspect) some of the more complex carvings are some early form of "Writing" (Like a Stela) then the discussions around biblical idolatry would probably be a bit weak.
Are they objects of veneration or pictograms, and if they are, why is no one trying to determine what they may be trying to convey?

Reply
John Hoopes
1/22/2017 12:24:55 am

Linking Göbekli Tepe to stories of idolatry is what will get it smashed or blown up by ISIS.

Reply
Sophie
1/22/2017 05:05:13 am

I agree, there has been too much vandalism of this sort already
(Palmyra, Buddhist statues in Afghanistan, the looting of the museum in Baghdad ), sadly too many people put their extremism before history. instead of making grand and invidious claims about
Göbekli Tepe the Turkish authorities should try to protect it.

Bill Mcdougall
3/8/2018 02:31:21 pm

Predates all religions and is from the end of the Stone Age.

Reply
James Barclay
4/25/2018 11:50:38 pm

Turkey owns it all, will cover it with concrete, have pita and hummus stands, sell postcards, put up a few hotels and restaurants, sell pieces of it to art dealers and rich tourists, make spurious claims about it and make lots and lots of money. Forget about real archaeological history or forensic details. I think the scientists should just take what they have and "Get out of Dodge" before ISIS comes in.

Reply
Emlak Zone link
2/1/2019 03:01:20 pm

This seems like a very convenient site when looking for property in Turkey. It is good that you have complete Turkish real estate listing in your database; thus, buyers like me can go and find out what we looking for. Every online property portal must focus on making their records like this.

Reply

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