JASON COLAVITO
  • Home
  • Blog
  • Books
    • Legends of the Pyramids
    • The Mound Builder Myth
    • Jason and the Argonauts
    • Cult of Alien Gods >
      • Contents
      • Excerpt
      • Image Gallery
    • Foundations of Atlantis
    • Knowing Fear >
      • Contents
      • Excerpt
      • Image Gallery
    • Hideous Bit of Morbidity >
      • Contents
      • Excerpt
      • Image Gallery
    • Cthulhu in World Mythology >
      • Excerpt
      • Image Gallery
      • Necronomicon Fragments
      • Oral Histories
    • Fiction >
      • Short Stories
      • Free Fiction
    • JasonColavito.com Books >
      • Faking History
      • Unearthing the Truth
      • Critical Companion to Ancient Aliens
      • Studies in Ancient Astronautics (Series) >
        • Theosophy on Ancient Astronauts
        • Pyramidiots!
        • Edison's Conquest of Mars
      • Fiction Anthologies >
        • Unseen Horror >
          • Contents
          • Excerpt
        • Moon Men! >
          • Contents
      • The Orphic Argonautica >
        • Contents
        • Excerpt
      • The Faust Book >
        • Contents
        • Excerpt
      • Classic Reprints
      • eBook Minis
    • Free eBooks >
      • Origin of the Space Gods
      • Ancient Atom Bombs
      • Golden Fleeced
      • Ancient America
      • Horror & Science
  • Articles
    • Skeptical Xenoarchaeologist Newsletter >
      • Volumes 1-10 Archive >
        • Volume 1 Archive
        • Volume 2 Archive
        • Volume 3 Archive
        • Volume 4 Archive
        • Volume 5 Archive
        • Volume 6 Archive
        • Volume 7 Archive
        • Volume 8 Archive
        • Volume 9 Archive
        • Volume 10 Archive
      • Volumes 11-20 Archive >
        • Volume 11 Archive
        • Volume 12 Archive
        • Volume 13 Archive
        • Volume 14 Archive
        • Volume 15 Archive
        • Volume 16 Archive
        • Volume 17 Archive
        • Volume 18 Archive
        • Volume 19 Archive
        • Volume 20 Archive
      • Volumes 21-30 Archive >
        • Volume 21 Archive
        • Volume 22 Archive
    • Television Reviews >
      • Ancient Aliens Reviews
      • In Search of Aliens Reviews
      • America Unearthed
      • Pirate Treasure of the Knights Templar
      • Search for the Lost Giants
      • Forbidden History Reviews
      • Expedition Unknown Reviews
      • Legends of the Lost
      • Unexplained + Unexplored
      • Rob Riggle: Global Investigator
    • Book Reviews
    • Galleries >
      • Bad Archaeology
      • Ancient Civilizations >
        • Ancient Egypt
        • Ancient Greece
        • Ancient Near East
        • Ancient Americas
      • Supernatural History
      • Book Image Galleries
    • Videos
    • Collection: Ancient Alien Fraud >
      • Chariots of the Gods at 50
      • Secret History of Ancient Astronauts
      • Of Atlantis and Aliens
      • Aliens and Ancient Texts
      • Profiles in Ancient Astronautics >
        • Erich von Däniken
        • Robert Temple
        • Giorgio Tsoukalos
        • David Childress
      • Blunders in the Sky
      • The Case of the False Quotes
      • Alternative Authors' Quote Fraud
      • David Childress & the Aliens
      • Faking Ancient Art in Uzbekistan
      • Intimations of Persecution
      • Zecharia Sitchin's World
      • Jesus' Alien Ancestors?
      • Extraterrestrial Evolution?
    • Collection: Skeptic Magazine >
      • America Before Review
      • Native American Discovery of Europe
      • Interview: Scott Sigler
      • Golden Fleeced
      • Oh the Horror
      • Discovery of America
      • Supernatural Television
      • Review of Civilization One
      • Who Lost the Middle Ages
      • Charioteer of the Gods
    • Collection: Ancient History >
      • Prehistoric Nuclear War
      • The China Syndrome
      • Atlantis, Mu, and the Maya
      • Easter Island Exposed
      • Who Built the Sphinx?
      • Who Built the Great Pyramid?
      • Archaeological Cover Up?
    • Collection: The Lovecraft Legacy >
      • Pauwels, Bergier, and Lovecraft
      • Lovecraft in Bergier
      • Lovecraft and Scientology
    • Collection: UFOs >
      • Alien Abduction at the Outer Limits
      • Aliens and Anal Probes
      • Ultra-Terrestrials and UFOs
      • Rebels, Queers, and Aliens
    • Scholomance: The Devil's School
    • Prehistory of Chupacabra
    • The Templars, the Holy Grail, & Henry Sinclair
    • Magicians of the Gods Review
    • The Curse of the Pharaohs
    • The Antediluvian Pyramid Myth
    • Whitewashing American Prehistory
    • James Dean's Cursed Porsche
  • The Library
    • Ancient Mysteries >
      • Ancient Texts >
        • Mesopotamian Texts >
          • Atrahasis Epic
          • Epic of Gilgamesh
          • Kutha Creation Legend
          • Babylonian Creation Myth
          • Descent of Ishtar
          • Berossus
          • Comparison of Antediluvian Histories
        • Egyptian Texts >
          • The Shipwrecked Sailor
          • Dream Stela of Thutmose IV
          • The Papyrus of Ani
          • Classical Accounts of the Pyramids
          • Inventory Stela
          • Manetho
          • Eratosthenes' King List
          • The Story of Setna
          • Leon of Pella
          • Diodorus on Egyptian History
          • On Isis and Osiris
          • Famine Stela
          • Old Egyptian Chronicle
          • The Book of Sothis
          • Horapollo
          • Al-Maqrizi's King List
        • Teshub and the Dragon
        • Hermetica >
          • The Three Hermeses
          • Kore Kosmou
          • Corpus Hermeticum
          • The Asclepius
          • The Emerald Tablet
          • Hermetic Fragments
          • Prologue to the Kyranides
          • The Secret of Creation
          • Ancient Alphabets Explained
          • Prologue to Ibn Umayl's Silvery Water
          • Book of the 24 Philosophers
          • Aurora of the Philosophers
        • Hesiod's Theogony
        • Periplus of Hanno
        • Ctesias' Indica
        • Sanchuniathon
        • Sima Qian
        • Syncellus's Enoch Fragments
        • The Book of Enoch
        • Slavonic Enoch
        • Sepher Yetzirah
        • Tacitus' Germania
        • De Dea Syria
        • Aelian's Various Histories
        • Julius Africanus' Chronography
        • Eusebius' Chronicle
        • Chinese Accounts of Rome
        • Ancient Chinese Automaton
        • The Orphic Argonautica
        • Fragments of Panodorus
        • Annianus on the Watchers
        • The Watchers and Antediluvian Wisdom
      • Medieval Texts >
        • Medieval Legends of Ancient Egypt >
          • Medieval Pyramid Lore
          • John Malalas on Ancient Egypt
          • Fragments of Abenephius
          • Akhbar al-zaman
          • Ibrahim ibn Wasif Shah
          • Murtada ibn al-‘Afif
          • Al-Maqrizi on the Pyramids
          • Al-Suyuti on the Pyramids
        • The Hunt for Noah's Ark
        • Isidore of Seville
        • Book of Liang: Fusang
        • Agobard on Magonia
        • Book of Thousands
        • Voyage of Saint Brendan
        • Power of Art and of Nature
        • Travels of Sir John Mandeville
        • Yazidi Revelation and Black Book
        • Al-Biruni on the Great Flood
        • Voyage of the Zeno Brothers
        • The Kensington Runestone (Hoax)
        • Islamic Discovery of America
        • The Aztec Creation Myth
      • Lost Civilizations >
        • Atlantis >
          • Plato's Atlantis Dialogues >
            • Timaeus
            • Critias
          • Fragments on Atlantis
          • Panchaea: The Other Atlantis
          • Eumalos on Atlantis (Hoax)
          • Gómara on Atlantis
          • Sardinia and Atlantis
          • Santorini and Atlantis
          • The Mound Builders and Atlantis
          • Donnelly's Atlantis
          • Atlantis in Morocco
          • Atlantis and the Sea Peoples
          • W. Scott-Elliot >
            • The Story of Atlantis
            • The Lost Lemuria
          • The Lost Atlantis
          • Atlantis in Africa
          • How I Found Atlantis (Hoax)
          • Termier on Atlantis
          • The Critias and Minoan Crete
          • Rebuttal to Termier
          • Further Responses to Termier
          • Flinders Petrie on Atlantis
        • Lost Cities >
          • Miscellaneous Lost Cities
          • The Seven Cities
          • The Lost City of Paititi
          • Manuscript 512
          • The Idolatrous City of Iximaya (Hoax)
          • The 1885 Moberly Lost City Hoax
          • The Elephants of Paredon (Hoax)
        • OOPARTs
        • Oronteus Finaeus Antarctica Map
        • Caucasians in Panama
        • Jefferson's Excavation
        • Fictitious Discoveries in America
        • Against Diffusionism
        • Tunnels Under Peru
        • The Parahyba Inscription (Hoax)
        • Mound Builders
        • Gunung Padang
        • Tales of Enchanted Islands
        • The 1907 Ancient World Map Hoax
        • The 1909 Grand Canyon Hoax
        • The Interglacial Period
        • Solving Oak Island
      • Religious Conspiracies >
        • Pantera, Father of Jesus?
        • Toledot Yeshu
        • Peter of les Vaux-de-Cernay on Cathars
        • Testimony of Jean de Châlons
        • Rosslyn Chapel and the 'Prentice's Pillar
        • The Many Wives of Jesus
        • Templar Infiltration of Labor
        • Louis Martin & the Holy Bloodline
        • The Life of St. Issa (Hoax)
        • On the Person of Jesus Christ
      • Giants in the Earth >
        • Fossil Origins of Myths >
          • Fossil Teeth and Bones of Elephants
          • Fossil Elephants
          • Fossil Bones of Teutobochus
          • Fossil Mammoths and Giants
          • Giants' Bones Dug Out of the Earth
          • Fossils and the Supernatural
          • Fossils, Myth, and Pseudo-History
          • Man During the Stone Age
          • Fossil Bones and Giants
          • American Elephant Myths
          • The Mammoth and the Flood
          • Fossils and Myth
          • Fossil Origin of the Cyclops
          • Mastodon, Mammoth, and Man
        • Fragments on Giants
        • Manichaean Book of Giants
        • Geoffrey on British Giants
        • Alfonso X's Hermetic History of Giants
        • Boccaccio and the Fossil 'Giant'
        • Book of Howth
        • Purchas His Pilgrimage
        • Edmond Temple's 1827 Giant Investigation
        • The Giants of Sardinia
        • Giants and the Sons of God
        • The Magnetism of Evil
        • Tertiary Giants
        • Smithsonian Giant Reports
        • Early American Giants
        • The Giant of Coahuila
        • Jewish Encyclopedia on Giants
        • Index of Giants
        • Newspaper Accounts of Giants
        • Lanier's A Book of Giants
      • Science and History >
        • Halley on Noah's Comet
        • The Newport Tower
        • Iron: The Stone from Heaven
        • Ararat and the Ark
        • Pyramid Facts and Fancies
        • Argonauts before Homer
        • The Deluge
        • Crown Prince Rudolf on the Pyramids
        • Old Mythology in New Apparel
        • Blavatsky on Dinosaurs
        • Teddy Roosevelt on Bigfoot
        • Devil Worship in France
        • Maspero's Review of Akhbar al-zaman
        • The Holy Grail as Lucifer's Crown Jewel
        • The Mutinous Sea
        • The Rock Wall of Rockwall
        • Fabulous Zoology
        • The Origins of Talos
        • Mexican Mythology
        • Chinese Pyramids
        • Maqrizi's Names of the Pharaohs
      • Extreme History >
        • Roman Empire Hoax
        • American Antiquities
        • American Cataclysms
        • England, the Remnant of Judah
        • Historical Chronology of the Mexicans
        • Maspero on the Predynastic Sphinx
        • Vestiges of the Mayas
        • Ragnarok: The Age of Fire and Gravel
        • Origins of the Egyptian People
        • The Secret Doctrine >
          • Volume 1: Cosmogenesis
          • Volume 2: Anthropogenesis
        • Phoenicians in America
        • The Electric Ark
        • Traces of European Influence
        • Prince Henry Sinclair
        • Pyramid Prophecies
        • Templars of Ancient Mexico
        • Chronology and the "Riddle of the Sphinx"
        • The Faith of Ancient Egypt
        • Spirit of the Hour in Archaeology
        • Book of the Damned
        • Great Pyramid As Noah's Ark
        • Richard Shaver's Proofs
    • Alien Encounters >
      • US Government Ancient Astronaut Files >
        • Fortean Society and Columbus
        • Inquiry into Shaver and Palmer
        • The Skyfort Document
        • Whirling Wheels
        • Denver Ancient Astronaut Lecture
        • Soviet Search for Lemuria
        • Visitors from Outer Space
        • Unidentified Flying Objects (Abstract)
        • "Flying Saucers"? They're a Myth
        • UFO Hypothesis Survival Questions
        • Air Force Academy UFO Textbook
        • The Condon Report on Ancient Astronauts
        • Atlantis Discovery Telegrams
        • Ancient Astronaut Society Telegram
        • Noah's Ark Cables
        • The Von Daniken Letter
        • CIA Psychic Probe of Ancient Mars
        • Scott Wolter Lawsuit
        • UFOs in Ancient China
        • CIA Report on Noah's Ark
        • CIA Noah's Ark Memos
        • Congressional Ancient Aliens Testimony
        • Ancient Astronaut and Nibiru Email
        • Congressional Ancient Mars Hearing
        • House UFO Hearing
      • Ancient Extraterrestrials >
        • Premodern UFO Sightings
        • The Moon Hoax
        • Inhabitants of Other Planets
        • Blavatsky on Ancient Astronauts
        • The Stanzas of Dzyan (Hoax)
        • Aerolites and Religion
        • What Is Theosophy?
        • Plane of Ether
        • The Adepts from Venus
      • A Message from Mars
      • Saucer Mystery Solved?
      • Orville Wright on UFOs
      • Interdimensional Flying Saucers
      • Flying Saucers Are Real
      • Report on UFOs
    • The Supernatural >
      • The Devils of Loudun
      • Sublime and Beautiful
      • Voltaire on Vampires
      • Demonology and Witchcraft
      • Thaumaturgia
      • Bulgarian Vampires
      • Religion and Evolution
      • Transylvanian Superstitions
      • Defining a Zombie
      • Dread of the Supernatural
      • Vampires
      • Werewolves and Vampires and Ghouls
      • Science and Fairy Stories
      • The Cursed Car
    • Classic Fiction >
      • Lucian's True History
      • Some Words with a Mummy
      • The Coming Race
      • King Solomon's Mines
      • An Inhabitant of Carcosa
      • The Xipéhuz
      • Lot No. 249
      • The Novel of the Black Seal
      • The Island of Doctor Moreau
      • Pharaoh's Curse
      • Edison's Conquest of Mars
      • The Lost Continent
      • Count Magnus
      • The Mysterious Stranger
      • The Wendigo
      • Sredni Vashtar
      • The Lost World
      • The Red One
      • H. P. Lovecraft >
        • Dagon
        • The Call of Cthulhu
        • History of the Necronomicon
        • At the Mountains of Madness
        • Lovecraft's Library in 1932
      • The Skeptical Poltergeist
      • The Corpse on the Grating
      • The Second Satellite
      • Queen of the Black Coast
      • A Martian Odyssey
    • Classic Genre Movies
    • Miscellaneous Documents >
      • The Balloon-Hoax
      • A Problem in Greek Ethics
      • The Migration of Symbols
      • The Gospel of Intensity
      • De Profundis
      • The Life and Death of Crown Prince Rudolf
      • The Bathtub Hoax
      • Crown Prince Rudolf's Letters
      • Position of Viking Women
      • Employment of Homosexuals
      • James Dean's Scrapbook
      • James Dean's Love Letters
      • The Amazing James Dean Hoax!
    • Free Classic Pseudohistory eBooks
  • About Jason
    • Biography
    • Jason in the Media
    • Contact Jason
    • About JasonColavito.com
    • Terms and Conditions
  • Search

What Was the Bat Creek Stone Inscription Intended to Depict?

5/15/2018

34 Comments

 
​After a great deal of hard work, I am not only a few pages away from finishing my book on the history of the Mound Builder myth, but in doing so, I ran into a couple of small issues that I haven’t been able to resolve, for all my efforts at research. I am going to present them here, and perhaps one of you reading this will have an answer. 
​The first question surrounds the provenance of a quotation. In his 1968 book on the Mound Builder myth entitled, oddly enough, Mound Builders of Ancient America, Robert Silverberg asserts that the eventual debunker of the Mound Builder myth, Cyrus Thomas, who led a Smithsonian team investigating 2,000 mounds and authored its monumental 1894 report on the subject, was originally a believer in the myth that the mounds had been built by a lost race. According to Silverberg, Thomas said that he had been a “pronounced believer in in the existence of a race of Mound Builders, distinct from the American Indians.” Silverberg didn’t give a source for the quotation, and as I poked around, I found that basically everyone who repeated the claim later got it from Silverberg.
 
Eventually, I found Silverberg’s source. It was Neil M. Judd’s Bureau of American Ethnology: A Partial History from 1967, where Judd gives the same quotation and concludes that Thomas was hired to debunk the mound myth precisely because he was a believer, thus making his eventual conclusion all the more powerful. I haven’t seen a copy of the book, but the Google Books excerpt shows no footnote, and I have been unable to determine the source. It is also unclear form Judd’s wording whether these words were meant to be those of Thomas or someone describing him at a later date.
 
The trouble is that I can’t find an independent source confirming that Thomas began as a lost race believer. I will throw this out there for all you: Is there a primary source for this quotation? If anyone knows where to look, I would be greatly interested.
 
The second question is more of a philosophical one, and it revolves around the infamous Bat Creek Stone. Most of you are aware that the Bat Creek stone was uncovered in 1889 and sent to Cyrus Thomas at the Smithsonian. Thomas read the inscription as Cherokee, a syllabary developed in the early 1800s, and therefore concluded that either the mound it was found in dated to after 1820, or the stone was a fraud. (A third conclusion, that the Cherokee syllabary predated its own creation, he dismissed as illogical.) He put the stone into storage where no one much cared about it until the 1960s, when Cyrus Gordon realized that Thomas had held the stupid thing upside down and that the inscription was in Hebrew. Thereafter, it became a touchstone of hyper-diffusionist studies, and remains one of Scott Wolter’s favorite pieces of supposed evidence for Old World colonies in the New Word.
Picture
As most readers accept, this slab of stone inscribed with a crude rendition of Paleo-Hebrew writing is actually a forgery. I’m sure that many readers will also agree with the conclusion put forward in 2004 that John W. Emmert, the Smithsonian agent who conducted the 1889 excavation that allegedly uncovered the stone, was the forger, or had the stone forged on his behalf. Emmert was also a suspect in an 1883 set of archaeological forgeries, and several of his other Smithsonian digs contained artifacts that modern researchers have called into question.
 
But I am not entirely comfortable with the conclusions drawn by the authors of that 2004 article. In “The Bat Creek Stone Revisited,” Robert C. Mainfort, Jr. and Mary L. Kwas identify the Bat Creek inscription as an incomplete and rough copy of a startlingly similar inscription appearing in an 1868/1870 encyclopedia of Freemasonry, representing the inscription placed on a plate worn by the High Priest of the Jews in Exodus 39:30. This much is pretty convincing, and I don’t have any problem with it. But the next step of their argument doesn’t make sense to me.
Picture

 
Mainfort and Kwas believe that Emmert forged the inscription in order to get in good with Thomas, who had recently published a paper explaining his view that the ancestors of the Cherokee were the Mound Builders. They claim that since Emmert didn’t know Cherokee writing, he fabricated it by using Paleo-Hebrew:
Emmert was personally acquainted with the Cherokee of western North Carolina and expressed interest in their history (Emmert to Thomas, December 19, 1888). Thus, he may have had some familiarity with the Cherokee syllabary. It is very unlikely, however, that he could write acceptable Cherokee, so a passage in contemporary Cherokee script was not an option for the Bat Creek forgery. What was needed was an inscription containing several characters that superficially resembled some Cherokee characters. The Bat Creek inscription, whether viewed in the original published orientation (Thomas 1890a, 1890b, 1894) or in the "proper" Paleo-Hebrew orientation, fits the bill.
​I don’t think it does. This raises several problems for me. First, it suggests that Emmert could research ancient characters in a library, but wasn’t able to obtain or copy a sample of Cherokee, despite being friends with actual real Cherokee. Second, it suggests hat Emmert was able to plot an elaborate forgery with the intention of mimicking a presumed ancient Cherokee script, otherwise unattested, but made virtually no changes to the inscription he copied. Third, it suggests that he put all of his faith in the guess that Thomas would read the inscription upside down and that no one who saw it would Jewish, biblically literate, or a Freemason and thus recognize it for what it is.
 
That just doesn’t make a lot of sense to me.
 
But what does make more sense to me is that Emmert meant for it to be read as Paleo-Hebrew. At the time, the Cherokee were widely believed to be descendants of the Lost Tribes of Israel. Perhaps the partially educated Emmert had read recent books on the subject and thought that Paleo-Hebrew would have been the language of the ancestors of the Cherokee. Or maybe he was actually trying to the tie the mounds to the Lost Tribes.
 
I’m not sure which is right, but I have a hard time imagining that he could copy from a Masonic book but not one with Cherokee script in it, or that he couldn’t have just made up some random characters if he wanted something unusual or unknown.
 
Finally, I have been able to trace back to the early 1960s the claim that William Gladstone, the British prime minister, requested funds for a Royal Navy expedition to search for Atlantis. But the various sources say that he asked Parliament, Cabinet, or the Treasury, and that one or more of these refused him. I can’t find a contemporary account proving it, though. If anyone has seen one, please let me know.
34 Comments
David Bradbury
5/15/2018 09:03:05 am

Hmmm. Plenty of contemporary news references linking Gladstone and the Atlantic, but I've found none so far linking him with Atlantis (except in references to utopian governments).

Reply
Jason Colavito link
5/15/2018 10:29:54 am

He wrote a letter to Ignatius Donnelly (now in the Minnesota Historical Society), which was widely reproduced, talking about how fascinating he found Donnelly's "Atlantis," and his diary mentions receiving the book. But I can't find anything about the cabinet request.

Reply
David Bradbury
5/15/2018 01:44:27 pm

Given that Gladstone's diary also mentions writing to Donnelly (11 March 1882) but makes no references to Atlantis after he has finished reading the book, I suspect that the cabinet request story may have originated nearer Donnelly's end of the correspondence!

Hal
5/15/2018 09:49:13 am

You say Emmert was “partially educated.” So what would completely or fully educated mean, Gomer?

Reply
Clete
5/15/2018 11:09:50 am

He was probably better educated than you appear to be, but I guess getting past the fourth grade is difficult.

Reply
Jason Colavito link
5/15/2018 12:21:13 pm

I mean that the literature states that he had some formal education but did not complete secondary education or a college program. The various scholars who have written about him suggest that his education was not particularly thorough or complete, and he had no formal training in archaeology beyond the field techniques the Peabody Museum staff taught him before he joined the Smithsonian.

Reply
Henry
5/15/2018 10:20:48 am

Ha, Gomer: wouldn’t a totally educated guy like you already know?

Reply
Machala
5/15/2018 10:51:47 am

It seems to me that Emmert, in an effort to bolster his own belief that the mounds were made by precursors to Native Americans, ie. The Lost Tribe of Israel, he forged the stone using fake Paleo-Hebraic writing in hope of Thomas confirming it. It was only his bad luck that Thomas read the stone upside down and wrongly considered it an early 19th century fake.
That in itself is one of those delightful historic ironies !
From a reader's standpoint, it stands alone. I am not particularly interested in where Emmert derived his alphabetic source. It's kind of an academic footnote to what is otherwise an interesting story of a conman's con backfiring.

Reply
E.P. Grondine
5/15/2018 12:38:47 pm

Hello Jason -

As you are undoubtedly aware, Benjamin Barton was the source for all of the Native American - lost tribes of Israel nonsense. I hope you have included it in your new book.

Thanks for the info on “The Bat Creek Stone Revisited,” by Robert C. Mainfort, Jr. and Mary L. Kwas. It looks to me like they nailed this one.

As I've told you before, Jason Jarrell and Sarah Farmer are intimately acquainted with these materials, so you might ask them about the evolution of Thomas's thinking.

For Moundsville, you have are benefited from Narona's work.
With so much other business at hand, I do not intend to spend any time on further research or analysis of the "stone", but intend to simply leave that for others. I still have not looked for that publication of Iberian inscriptions which you mentioned.

Reply
Americanegro
5/15/2018 12:56:42 pm

Chief, we get that you're heapum busy but why put the word stone in scare quotes? It either is a stone or is not a stone. That's not up for debate. You go now and do your imaginary important work with your imaginary squaw.

Jason: the Smithsonian probably has an archivist.

Reply
E.P. Grondine
5/15/2018 04:33:50 pm

Dear Dickwad -

Since you won't get up from your computer and go out and get laid, may I suggest that as an alternative you go fuck yourself.

Americanegro
5/15/2018 06:03:12 pm

Jason, this kind of speech, even from a doddering old white man, is far from polite. I particularly draw your attention to the words "Dickwad" and "fuck". Also his gay fantasies about my sex life are intrusive. I leave this matter in your capable hands.

p.s. Jason Jarrell and Sarah Farmer are in the idiot club with Wolter,

Joe Scales
5/15/2018 09:05:15 pm

Won't be the first online forum E.P.'s been banned from. Nor likely the last. Some people simply cannot control themselves.

E.P. Grondine
5/16/2018 01:44:11 am

Dear goober -

I don't care where you go, just go.

E. P. Grondine's Suppurating sex sores and the sign in his front yard
5/16/2018 09:27:43 pm

I can't control myself but alway make myself available on Halloween.

Hal
5/16/2018 08:12:10 am

Agree, Goober, our old white guy AKA Americanegro, should go or be banned.

Reply
David Bradbury
5/15/2018 02:35:41 pm

Director Powell of the Bureau of Ethnology, in reporting the appointment of Thomas to head the new Division of Mound Explorations (Bureau annual report 1882-3, pXXX), stated that from his own investigations, years previously, it was apparent that "some, at least, of the mound builders were ... none other than known Indian tribes." Unless Thomas was very circumspect in the job interview, it seems that at most his belief was that the American Indians had continued a tradition started by a separate race of Mound Builders. Given also that Thomas's specialism in earlier years had been native manuscripts, he clearly had considerable respect for their culture, so the "pronounced belief" seems very odd.

Reply
David Bradbury
5/15/2018 02:48:53 pm

Also, as early as the May 1884 issue of "The magazine of American history with notes and queries" Thomas wrote an article "Cherokees Probably Mound Builders" (p396) setting out a very firm case for attributing certain mounds in various states to the Cherokees.

Reply
Jason Colavito link
5/15/2018 07:50:50 pm

That's the problem I have. Thomas's entire output is about Natives being the builders. I don't see him ever saying that he converted. Powell was always certain than Natives built them. I wonder if Judd didn't confuse Thomas with his brief predecessor, Wills De Hass, who was a believer in the lost race, and served as head of the investigation for a few months in 1881.

David Bradbury
5/16/2018 08:54:11 am

https://cola.siu.edu/anthro/about/muller/thomas/thomas.html
claims, in respect of the undignified transition from de Haas to Thomas, that:
"Correspondence between Powell and Thomas from this period is missing from the National Anthropological Archives - having been taken from envelopes and razored out of the letter books"

Plenty of scope for confused historians there !

E.{. Grondine
5/15/2018 04:39:02 pm

Ooops. A little memory slip there.

Ir was Wlliam Bartram, not Benjamin Barton.

Reply
An Anonymous Nerd
5/15/2018 07:30:33 pm

RE: PM Gladstone.

The BBC parrots the traditional account:

https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/10339254/Atlantis-secrets-of-the-real-lost-city.html

but cites nothing.

The book "Meet Me in Atlantis" describes PM Gladstone as refusing the request from Donnelly -- not PM Gladstone Making the request. So far though I'm going off of the Google Books copy -- If I can get to a library or bookstore to access a physical copy I'll see if the author has a citation for that version of the account. (He probably doesn't. It's not exactly an academic work.)

This site:

http://atlantipedia.ie/samples/gladstone-william-ewart/

probably unintentionally suggests a reason that Donnelly would have misrepresented the account: It spiked sales.

Sounds a lot like fringe folks today. Capitalists first. The more things change....

-An Anonymous Nerd

Reply
Jason Colavito link
5/15/2018 07:48:56 pm

Well, the Atlantipedia is just wrong. The letter from Gladstone is real. It's in the Minnesota Historical Society archives and was widely reprinted in the nineteenth century. Gladstone expresses his enthusiasm and even offers advice on new avenues for research. Gladstone refers to it in his diaries. My copy of "Meet Me in Atlantis" is in a box, so I'll have to get it out and check.

Reply
Gunn
5/16/2018 11:10:57 am

Hi Jason, I just thought you might like to know about this, since it reflects the likelihood of "white mound builders in North America." How will you fit this into your new book?

http://etimage.com/sopsarm/Vikings%20in%20Sops%20Arm,udg.2.pdf

"...he argues that Sop’s Arm, is in fact, Vinland (Straumsfjord) of the great Norse Sagas. As proof he offers many pieces of evidence such as matching geography with the great Norse Sagas, caribou pitfalls, Ingstad’s Favorable comments, stone house foundation sites, burial mounds, and much more."

"The houses have all been built with stone foundations, telling us it was meant to be a permanent settlement. Longhouse B is the largest of the buildings at the Sop’s Arm site. It is also the furthest to the East (holy direction for Vikings) and also closest to their burial mounds in the Northeast ( the holiest of
places for the Vikings). Their leader likely lived here."

"Who is buried in the mounds at this incredible site? Is this the headland where Thorvald asked to be buried, after being struck by a native’s arrow? Could this be the final resting place of the thirty Icelandic men and women that Freydis had killed in her evil plot of greed and deception? Or are these graves of those who died of natural causes during the course of their stay? Maybe it is all of the above or some combination of it. Maybe
someday the incredible truth about these mounds will be known!"

Reply
americanegro
5/16/2018 03:58:56 pm

East is holy? Northeast is holiest? The baby Jesus laughs at you.

Reply
Bob Jase
5/16/2018 01:43:56 pm

If the Cherokee were Hebrews wouldn't they already had had a written language (Hebrew) and a spoken language (also Hebrew)?

I don't get why the whole ten lost tribes idea exists, According to the legend about the creation of the Greek Sepuagint all the tribe's translators worked on it - there were no lost tribes in the 3rd century BCE despite their supposed disappearance four centuries earlier. The ancient Hebrews were lousy historians either way.

Reply
Americanegro
5/16/2018 02:41:54 pm

And that's why the de-lousing rooms were constructed.

Reply
Cesar
5/16/2018 02:37:20 pm

Tim Hashaw, Children of Perdition: Melungeons and the Struggle of Mixed America, p. 79 (Google Books) made a summary of the dispute between Robert C. Mainfort, Jr. & Mary L. Kwas and J. Huston McCulloch concerning the Bat Creek stone. The 2004 article of the first two was replied by Huston McCulloch in 2011.
http://www.econ.ohio-state.edu/jhm/arch/AmerAntiquity.pdf

Reply
Cesar
5/16/2018 02:51:39 pm


THE BAT CREEK STONE REVISITED: A REPLY TO MAINFORT AND KWAS IN AMERICAN ANTIQUITY


"This paper was submitted to American Antiquity, the journal of the Society for American Archaeology, as a comment on an article there by Robert C. Mainfort, Jr. and Mary L. Kwas, but was summarily rejected as being 'far outside the expertise and interests of the readership.”

J. Huston McCulloch, 2011
http://www.econ.ohio-state.edu/jhm/arch/AmerAntiquity.pdf

Reply
An Anonymous Nerd
5/19/2018 02:30:30 pm

Regarding Cyrus Thomas: I found a physical copy of "Bureau of American Ethnology: A Partial History" to see if there was a cite.

The passages about Thomas and his belief in the lost race are on pages 18-19 and 67-69.

The only citation given in both instances is: "Twelfth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1890-1891" (Government Printing Office, 1894), page (I think?) "xi" (so page 11 of a preface or something?).

I note the following depressing quote: "[The report] took the mystery out of the 'mound builders' and convincingly demonstrated that many Mississippi Valley mounds were erected by tribes known within historic times" (Page 68).

50 years later, here we are, still attempting to convince people that, yes, American Indians were sophisticated enough to build a big pile of dirt.

For my part I'd feel comfortable saying something like, "the ethnological society seems to have considered Cyrus to be a believer in the 'lost race' theory, hence why they sent him out in the expedition" or something.

-An Anonymous Nerd

Reply
Geoffrey Sea
5/21/2018 11:05:08 am

The problem here is your faith in Silverberg. Remember, Silverberg was a science fiction writer. He was not a historian or a social scientist. His attempt to reduce the story of mound archaeology to a simple scientistic plot was just that -- a gross oversimplification. In short, Silverberg was the inventor of his "Moundbuilder Myth" and it's most unfortunate that present-day archaeologists have adopted the Silverberg narrative uncritically when it does such violence to the actual history.

Silverberg's oversimplification was that a "pre-scientific" period of the 19th century antedated a "scientific" paradigm of the 20th century. And Silverberg reduced the very-complex dynamic to one of belief that the Moundbuilders were Native American, or not.

In reality, that was never the central question and throughout most of the history of this issue, it's even a nonsensical question. Very early, in the colonial period. Euro-American scientists of the Gallatin-Jefferson circle realized that the mounds were built by Native Americans. That knowledge never disappeared, though it would be obscured by certain individuals including Joseph Smith and Warren K. Moorehead.

Native American connectedness was not the issue. Rather, the central question was WHICH Native American peoples were responsible, and where those particular tribes had originated -- had they come via the Atlantic or via the Pacific? Both were viable scientific options and there was no inherent difference in degree of indigenousness.

Virtually all of the true scientists of the 19th century including Gallatin, Squier, Thomas and others, recognized that the mounds of the Ohio Valley were Algonquian works and that the Algonquians had come from Asia via Alaska. This, of course, turns out to be correct. It was only the Smith-Moorehead line of pseudoscience that wound up favoring a "white European" trans-Atlantic trajectory.

It simply didn't matter that Thomas, or Squier, saw Asiatic parallels, because in the era before the ae of the earth was appreciated, all scientists were operating on a highly-compressed time frame. The idea of Asiatic-Algonquian connection was the best science of the time. That was indeed the position in opposition to Moorehead's Caucasian Hopewellianism.

That goes against Silverberg's simplistic idea that "Science" improved over time. As often happens, that later "scientists" in the Moorehead tradition went backward in terms of accurate understanding.

And that's why it is Silverberg who needs to be debunked.

Reply
John Lasker
5/22/2018 06:54:25 pm

A guilty pleasure is acknowledging the alternate history, Wolter stuff, ect. Coming here is a blast of sobriety. But the formatting of the text? Tighten it up so it's easier to digest. Let us know when the book is pubbed.

Reply
Hu McCulloch link
8/4/2018 11:59:45 am

Jason -- You're quite right that that M&K's contention that Emmert forged a Hebrew inscription to ingratiate himself with Thomas makes no sense. Thomas's job was, as you put it, to "debunk" the "myth" that Jews or some other Old World people had anything to do with the mounds.

The irony of it all is that the mass of data (including the Bat Creek stone itself) in Thomas's "monumental 1894 report" (as you put it) is taken by writers like yourself as having definitively demonstrated that there were no Old World inscriptions in the mounds.

Bat Creek proves, if nothing else, that Thomas's BoE was incompetent for the "debunking" task that it had been assigned by Powell.

Incidentally, my hard-to-find 1988 and 1993 papers are now online at http://www.econ.ohio-state.edu/jhm/arch/BatCrk/TA1988.pdf and ...TA1993.pdf.

Note also that on 2/17/14, Wikipedia user Zimiamvia added several references to the Bat Creek Inscription page, going back as early 1821, that he says have the same inscription, in "old coin letters", as the Masonic illustration discovered by Mainfort and Kwas. These references are all biblical or antiquarian, and hence would have been abundantly available to any knowledgeable scholar even if the Masonic encyclopedia was secretive at the time. His post was deleted 2 hours later for being "original research", but still is part of the permanent Wikipedia record.

I'm looking forward to seeing your book!

Reply
Hu McCulloch link
8/21/2018 01:56:17 pm

Jason --
My reply to Mainfort and Kwas (2004), mentioned above by Cesar, was eventually published in _Pre-Columbiana_:

McCulloch, J. Huston. "The Bat Creek Stone Revisited: A Reply to Mainfort and Kwas in _American Antiquity_, _Pre-Columbiana_ vol. 5/6 (2011-2014): 142-153.

It is now archived on Researchgate.net at

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327109217_The_Bat_Creek_Stone_Revisited_A_Reply_to_Mainfort_and_Kwas_in_American_Antiquity

Reply

Your comment will be posted after it is approved.


Leave a Reply.

    Blog
    Picture

    Author

    I am an author and researcher focusing on pop culture, science, and history. Bylines: New Republic, Esquire, Slate, etc. There's more about me in the About Jason tab.

    Become a Patron!
    Tweets by JasonColavito
    Picture

    Newsletters

    Enter your email below to subscribe to my newsletter for updates on my latest projects, blog posts, and activities, and subscribe to Culture & Curiosities, my Substack newsletter.

    powered by TinyLetter

    Blog Roll

    Ancient Aliens Debunked
    Picture
    A Hot Cup of Joe
    ArchyFantasies
    Bad UFOs
    Mammoth Tales
    Matthew R. X. Dentith
    PaleoBabble
    Picture

    Categories

    All
    Alternative Archaeology
    Alternative Archaeology
    Alternative History
    Alternative History
    America Unearthed
    Ancient Aliens
    Ancient Astronauts
    Ancient History
    Ancient Texts
    Ancient Texts
    Archaeology
    Atlantis
    Conspiracies
    Giants
    Habsburgs
    Horror
    King Arthur
    Knights Templar
    Lovecraft
    Mythology
    Occult
    Popular Culture
    Popular Culture
    Projects
    Pyramids
    Racism
    Science
    Skepticism
    Ufos
    Weird Old Art
    Weird Things
    White Nationalism

    Terms & Conditions

    Please read all applicable terms and conditions before posting a comment on this blog. Posting a comment constitutes your agreement to abide by the terms and conditions linked herein.

    Archives

    March 2023
    February 2023
    January 2023
    December 2022
    November 2022
    October 2022
    September 2022
    August 2022
    July 2022
    June 2022
    May 2022
    April 2022
    March 2022
    February 2022
    January 2022
    December 2021
    November 2021
    October 2021
    September 2021
    August 2021
    July 2021
    June 2021
    May 2021
    April 2021
    March 2021
    February 2021
    January 2021
    December 2020
    November 2020
    October 2020
    September 2020
    August 2020
    July 2020
    June 2020
    May 2020
    April 2020
    March 2020
    February 2020
    January 2020
    December 2019
    November 2019
    October 2019
    September 2019
    August 2019
    July 2019
    June 2019
    May 2019
    April 2019
    March 2019
    February 2019
    January 2019
    December 2018
    November 2018
    October 2018
    September 2018
    August 2018
    July 2018
    June 2018
    May 2018
    April 2018
    March 2018
    February 2018
    January 2018
    December 2017
    November 2017
    October 2017
    September 2017
    August 2017
    July 2017
    June 2017
    May 2017
    April 2017
    March 2017
    February 2017
    January 2017
    December 2016
    November 2016
    October 2016
    September 2016
    August 2016
    July 2016
    June 2016
    May 2016
    April 2016
    March 2016
    February 2016
    January 2016
    December 2015
    November 2015
    October 2015
    September 2015
    August 2015
    July 2015
    June 2015
    May 2015
    April 2015
    March 2015
    February 2015
    January 2015
    December 2014
    November 2014
    October 2014
    September 2014
    August 2014
    July 2014
    June 2014
    May 2014
    April 2014
    March 2014
    February 2014
    January 2014
    December 2013
    November 2013
    October 2013
    September 2013
    August 2013
    July 2013
    June 2013
    May 2013
    April 2013
    March 2013
    February 2013
    January 2013
    December 2012
    November 2012
    October 2012
    September 2012
    August 2012
    July 2012
    June 2012
    May 2012
    April 2012
    March 2012
    February 2012
    January 2012
    December 2011
    November 2011
    October 2011
    September 2011
    August 2011
    July 2011
    June 2011
    May 2011
    April 2011
    March 2011
    February 2011
    January 2011
    December 2010
    November 2010
    October 2010
    September 2010
    August 2010
    July 2010
    June 2010
    May 2010
    April 2010
    March 2010
    February 2010

    RSS Feed

Picture
Home  |  Blog  |  Books  | Contact  |  About Jason | Terms & Conditions
© 2010-2023 Jason Colavito. All rights reserved.

  • Home
  • Blog
  • Books
    • Legends of the Pyramids
    • The Mound Builder Myth
    • Jason and the Argonauts
    • Cult of Alien Gods >
      • Contents
      • Excerpt
      • Image Gallery
    • Foundations of Atlantis
    • Knowing Fear >
      • Contents
      • Excerpt
      • Image Gallery
    • Hideous Bit of Morbidity >
      • Contents
      • Excerpt
      • Image Gallery
    • Cthulhu in World Mythology >
      • Excerpt
      • Image Gallery
      • Necronomicon Fragments
      • Oral Histories
    • Fiction >
      • Short Stories
      • Free Fiction
    • JasonColavito.com Books >
      • Faking History
      • Unearthing the Truth
      • Critical Companion to Ancient Aliens
      • Studies in Ancient Astronautics (Series) >
        • Theosophy on Ancient Astronauts
        • Pyramidiots!
        • Edison's Conquest of Mars
      • Fiction Anthologies >
        • Unseen Horror >
          • Contents
          • Excerpt
        • Moon Men! >
          • Contents
      • The Orphic Argonautica >
        • Contents
        • Excerpt
      • The Faust Book >
        • Contents
        • Excerpt
      • Classic Reprints
      • eBook Minis
    • Free eBooks >
      • Origin of the Space Gods
      • Ancient Atom Bombs
      • Golden Fleeced
      • Ancient America
      • Horror & Science
  • Articles
    • Skeptical Xenoarchaeologist Newsletter >
      • Volumes 1-10 Archive >
        • Volume 1 Archive
        • Volume 2 Archive
        • Volume 3 Archive
        • Volume 4 Archive
        • Volume 5 Archive
        • Volume 6 Archive
        • Volume 7 Archive
        • Volume 8 Archive
        • Volume 9 Archive
        • Volume 10 Archive
      • Volumes 11-20 Archive >
        • Volume 11 Archive
        • Volume 12 Archive
        • Volume 13 Archive
        • Volume 14 Archive
        • Volume 15 Archive
        • Volume 16 Archive
        • Volume 17 Archive
        • Volume 18 Archive
        • Volume 19 Archive
        • Volume 20 Archive
      • Volumes 21-30 Archive >
        • Volume 21 Archive
        • Volume 22 Archive
    • Television Reviews >
      • Ancient Aliens Reviews
      • In Search of Aliens Reviews
      • America Unearthed
      • Pirate Treasure of the Knights Templar
      • Search for the Lost Giants
      • Forbidden History Reviews
      • Expedition Unknown Reviews
      • Legends of the Lost
      • Unexplained + Unexplored
      • Rob Riggle: Global Investigator
    • Book Reviews
    • Galleries >
      • Bad Archaeology
      • Ancient Civilizations >
        • Ancient Egypt
        • Ancient Greece
        • Ancient Near East
        • Ancient Americas
      • Supernatural History
      • Book Image Galleries
    • Videos
    • Collection: Ancient Alien Fraud >
      • Chariots of the Gods at 50
      • Secret History of Ancient Astronauts
      • Of Atlantis and Aliens
      • Aliens and Ancient Texts
      • Profiles in Ancient Astronautics >
        • Erich von Däniken
        • Robert Temple
        • Giorgio Tsoukalos
        • David Childress
      • Blunders in the Sky
      • The Case of the False Quotes
      • Alternative Authors' Quote Fraud
      • David Childress & the Aliens
      • Faking Ancient Art in Uzbekistan
      • Intimations of Persecution
      • Zecharia Sitchin's World
      • Jesus' Alien Ancestors?
      • Extraterrestrial Evolution?
    • Collection: Skeptic Magazine >
      • America Before Review
      • Native American Discovery of Europe
      • Interview: Scott Sigler
      • Golden Fleeced
      • Oh the Horror
      • Discovery of America
      • Supernatural Television
      • Review of Civilization One
      • Who Lost the Middle Ages
      • Charioteer of the Gods
    • Collection: Ancient History >
      • Prehistoric Nuclear War
      • The China Syndrome
      • Atlantis, Mu, and the Maya
      • Easter Island Exposed
      • Who Built the Sphinx?
      • Who Built the Great Pyramid?
      • Archaeological Cover Up?
    • Collection: The Lovecraft Legacy >
      • Pauwels, Bergier, and Lovecraft
      • Lovecraft in Bergier
      • Lovecraft and Scientology
    • Collection: UFOs >
      • Alien Abduction at the Outer Limits
      • Aliens and Anal Probes
      • Ultra-Terrestrials and UFOs
      • Rebels, Queers, and Aliens
    • Scholomance: The Devil's School
    • Prehistory of Chupacabra
    • The Templars, the Holy Grail, & Henry Sinclair
    • Magicians of the Gods Review
    • The Curse of the Pharaohs
    • The Antediluvian Pyramid Myth
    • Whitewashing American Prehistory
    • James Dean's Cursed Porsche
  • The Library
    • Ancient Mysteries >
      • Ancient Texts >
        • Mesopotamian Texts >
          • Atrahasis Epic
          • Epic of Gilgamesh
          • Kutha Creation Legend
          • Babylonian Creation Myth
          • Descent of Ishtar
          • Berossus
          • Comparison of Antediluvian Histories
        • Egyptian Texts >
          • The Shipwrecked Sailor
          • Dream Stela of Thutmose IV
          • The Papyrus of Ani
          • Classical Accounts of the Pyramids
          • Inventory Stela
          • Manetho
          • Eratosthenes' King List
          • The Story of Setna
          • Leon of Pella
          • Diodorus on Egyptian History
          • On Isis and Osiris
          • Famine Stela
          • Old Egyptian Chronicle
          • The Book of Sothis
          • Horapollo
          • Al-Maqrizi's King List
        • Teshub and the Dragon
        • Hermetica >
          • The Three Hermeses
          • Kore Kosmou
          • Corpus Hermeticum
          • The Asclepius
          • The Emerald Tablet
          • Hermetic Fragments
          • Prologue to the Kyranides
          • The Secret of Creation
          • Ancient Alphabets Explained
          • Prologue to Ibn Umayl's Silvery Water
          • Book of the 24 Philosophers
          • Aurora of the Philosophers
        • Hesiod's Theogony
        • Periplus of Hanno
        • Ctesias' Indica
        • Sanchuniathon
        • Sima Qian
        • Syncellus's Enoch Fragments
        • The Book of Enoch
        • Slavonic Enoch
        • Sepher Yetzirah
        • Tacitus' Germania
        • De Dea Syria
        • Aelian's Various Histories
        • Julius Africanus' Chronography
        • Eusebius' Chronicle
        • Chinese Accounts of Rome
        • Ancient Chinese Automaton
        • The Orphic Argonautica
        • Fragments of Panodorus
        • Annianus on the Watchers
        • The Watchers and Antediluvian Wisdom
      • Medieval Texts >
        • Medieval Legends of Ancient Egypt >
          • Medieval Pyramid Lore
          • John Malalas on Ancient Egypt
          • Fragments of Abenephius
          • Akhbar al-zaman
          • Ibrahim ibn Wasif Shah
          • Murtada ibn al-‘Afif
          • Al-Maqrizi on the Pyramids
          • Al-Suyuti on the Pyramids
        • The Hunt for Noah's Ark
        • Isidore of Seville
        • Book of Liang: Fusang
        • Agobard on Magonia
        • Book of Thousands
        • Voyage of Saint Brendan
        • Power of Art and of Nature
        • Travels of Sir John Mandeville
        • Yazidi Revelation and Black Book
        • Al-Biruni on the Great Flood
        • Voyage of the Zeno Brothers
        • The Kensington Runestone (Hoax)
        • Islamic Discovery of America
        • The Aztec Creation Myth
      • Lost Civilizations >
        • Atlantis >
          • Plato's Atlantis Dialogues >
            • Timaeus
            • Critias
          • Fragments on Atlantis
          • Panchaea: The Other Atlantis
          • Eumalos on Atlantis (Hoax)
          • Gómara on Atlantis
          • Sardinia and Atlantis
          • Santorini and Atlantis
          • The Mound Builders and Atlantis
          • Donnelly's Atlantis
          • Atlantis in Morocco
          • Atlantis and the Sea Peoples
          • W. Scott-Elliot >
            • The Story of Atlantis
            • The Lost Lemuria
          • The Lost Atlantis
          • Atlantis in Africa
          • How I Found Atlantis (Hoax)
          • Termier on Atlantis
          • The Critias and Minoan Crete
          • Rebuttal to Termier
          • Further Responses to Termier
          • Flinders Petrie on Atlantis
        • Lost Cities >
          • Miscellaneous Lost Cities
          • The Seven Cities
          • The Lost City of Paititi
          • Manuscript 512
          • The Idolatrous City of Iximaya (Hoax)
          • The 1885 Moberly Lost City Hoax
          • The Elephants of Paredon (Hoax)
        • OOPARTs
        • Oronteus Finaeus Antarctica Map
        • Caucasians in Panama
        • Jefferson's Excavation
        • Fictitious Discoveries in America
        • Against Diffusionism
        • Tunnels Under Peru
        • The Parahyba Inscription (Hoax)
        • Mound Builders
        • Gunung Padang
        • Tales of Enchanted Islands
        • The 1907 Ancient World Map Hoax
        • The 1909 Grand Canyon Hoax
        • The Interglacial Period
        • Solving Oak Island
      • Religious Conspiracies >
        • Pantera, Father of Jesus?
        • Toledot Yeshu
        • Peter of les Vaux-de-Cernay on Cathars
        • Testimony of Jean de Châlons
        • Rosslyn Chapel and the 'Prentice's Pillar
        • The Many Wives of Jesus
        • Templar Infiltration of Labor
        • Louis Martin & the Holy Bloodline
        • The Life of St. Issa (Hoax)
        • On the Person of Jesus Christ
      • Giants in the Earth >
        • Fossil Origins of Myths >
          • Fossil Teeth and Bones of Elephants
          • Fossil Elephants
          • Fossil Bones of Teutobochus
          • Fossil Mammoths and Giants
          • Giants' Bones Dug Out of the Earth
          • Fossils and the Supernatural
          • Fossils, Myth, and Pseudo-History
          • Man During the Stone Age
          • Fossil Bones and Giants
          • American Elephant Myths
          • The Mammoth and the Flood
          • Fossils and Myth
          • Fossil Origin of the Cyclops
          • Mastodon, Mammoth, and Man
        • Fragments on Giants
        • Manichaean Book of Giants
        • Geoffrey on British Giants
        • Alfonso X's Hermetic History of Giants
        • Boccaccio and the Fossil 'Giant'
        • Book of Howth
        • Purchas His Pilgrimage
        • Edmond Temple's 1827 Giant Investigation
        • The Giants of Sardinia
        • Giants and the Sons of God
        • The Magnetism of Evil
        • Tertiary Giants
        • Smithsonian Giant Reports
        • Early American Giants
        • The Giant of Coahuila
        • Jewish Encyclopedia on Giants
        • Index of Giants
        • Newspaper Accounts of Giants
        • Lanier's A Book of Giants
      • Science and History >
        • Halley on Noah's Comet
        • The Newport Tower
        • Iron: The Stone from Heaven
        • Ararat and the Ark
        • Pyramid Facts and Fancies
        • Argonauts before Homer
        • The Deluge
        • Crown Prince Rudolf on the Pyramids
        • Old Mythology in New Apparel
        • Blavatsky on Dinosaurs
        • Teddy Roosevelt on Bigfoot
        • Devil Worship in France
        • Maspero's Review of Akhbar al-zaman
        • The Holy Grail as Lucifer's Crown Jewel
        • The Mutinous Sea
        • The Rock Wall of Rockwall
        • Fabulous Zoology
        • The Origins of Talos
        • Mexican Mythology
        • Chinese Pyramids
        • Maqrizi's Names of the Pharaohs
      • Extreme History >
        • Roman Empire Hoax
        • American Antiquities
        • American Cataclysms
        • England, the Remnant of Judah
        • Historical Chronology of the Mexicans
        • Maspero on the Predynastic Sphinx
        • Vestiges of the Mayas
        • Ragnarok: The Age of Fire and Gravel
        • Origins of the Egyptian People
        • The Secret Doctrine >
          • Volume 1: Cosmogenesis
          • Volume 2: Anthropogenesis
        • Phoenicians in America
        • The Electric Ark
        • Traces of European Influence
        • Prince Henry Sinclair
        • Pyramid Prophecies
        • Templars of Ancient Mexico
        • Chronology and the "Riddle of the Sphinx"
        • The Faith of Ancient Egypt
        • Spirit of the Hour in Archaeology
        • Book of the Damned
        • Great Pyramid As Noah's Ark
        • Richard Shaver's Proofs
    • Alien Encounters >
      • US Government Ancient Astronaut Files >
        • Fortean Society and Columbus
        • Inquiry into Shaver and Palmer
        • The Skyfort Document
        • Whirling Wheels
        • Denver Ancient Astronaut Lecture
        • Soviet Search for Lemuria
        • Visitors from Outer Space
        • Unidentified Flying Objects (Abstract)
        • "Flying Saucers"? They're a Myth
        • UFO Hypothesis Survival Questions
        • Air Force Academy UFO Textbook
        • The Condon Report on Ancient Astronauts
        • Atlantis Discovery Telegrams
        • Ancient Astronaut Society Telegram
        • Noah's Ark Cables
        • The Von Daniken Letter
        • CIA Psychic Probe of Ancient Mars
        • Scott Wolter Lawsuit
        • UFOs in Ancient China
        • CIA Report on Noah's Ark
        • CIA Noah's Ark Memos
        • Congressional Ancient Aliens Testimony
        • Ancient Astronaut and Nibiru Email
        • Congressional Ancient Mars Hearing
        • House UFO Hearing
      • Ancient Extraterrestrials >
        • Premodern UFO Sightings
        • The Moon Hoax
        • Inhabitants of Other Planets
        • Blavatsky on Ancient Astronauts
        • The Stanzas of Dzyan (Hoax)
        • Aerolites and Religion
        • What Is Theosophy?
        • Plane of Ether
        • The Adepts from Venus
      • A Message from Mars
      • Saucer Mystery Solved?
      • Orville Wright on UFOs
      • Interdimensional Flying Saucers
      • Flying Saucers Are Real
      • Report on UFOs
    • The Supernatural >
      • The Devils of Loudun
      • Sublime and Beautiful
      • Voltaire on Vampires
      • Demonology and Witchcraft
      • Thaumaturgia
      • Bulgarian Vampires
      • Religion and Evolution
      • Transylvanian Superstitions
      • Defining a Zombie
      • Dread of the Supernatural
      • Vampires
      • Werewolves and Vampires and Ghouls
      • Science and Fairy Stories
      • The Cursed Car
    • Classic Fiction >
      • Lucian's True History
      • Some Words with a Mummy
      • The Coming Race
      • King Solomon's Mines
      • An Inhabitant of Carcosa
      • The Xipéhuz
      • Lot No. 249
      • The Novel of the Black Seal
      • The Island of Doctor Moreau
      • Pharaoh's Curse
      • Edison's Conquest of Mars
      • The Lost Continent
      • Count Magnus
      • The Mysterious Stranger
      • The Wendigo
      • Sredni Vashtar
      • The Lost World
      • The Red One
      • H. P. Lovecraft >
        • Dagon
        • The Call of Cthulhu
        • History of the Necronomicon
        • At the Mountains of Madness
        • Lovecraft's Library in 1932
      • The Skeptical Poltergeist
      • The Corpse on the Grating
      • The Second Satellite
      • Queen of the Black Coast
      • A Martian Odyssey
    • Classic Genre Movies
    • Miscellaneous Documents >
      • The Balloon-Hoax
      • A Problem in Greek Ethics
      • The Migration of Symbols
      • The Gospel of Intensity
      • De Profundis
      • The Life and Death of Crown Prince Rudolf
      • The Bathtub Hoax
      • Crown Prince Rudolf's Letters
      • Position of Viking Women
      • Employment of Homosexuals
      • James Dean's Scrapbook
      • James Dean's Love Letters
      • The Amazing James Dean Hoax!
    • Free Classic Pseudohistory eBooks
  • About Jason
    • Biography
    • Jason in the Media
    • Contact Jason
    • About JasonColavito.com
    • Terms and Conditions
  • Search