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Wolter Oreo Update and Jersey Devil News

10/20/2013

19 Comments

 
The Paradigm Symposium, a gathering primarily of alternative historians, ancient astronaut theorists, and other assorted New Age types, is taking place in Minnesota, and yesterday PZ Myers attended Scott F. Wolter’s lecture on Mary Magdalene’s secret Oreo cookies recipe (it features partially hydrogenated soybean oil and Holy Blood) and was dumbfounded by Wolter’s “revelations,” which are old news to regular readers of this blog after I reviewed Wolter’s Akhenaten to the Founding Fathers a week ago.

Myers describes Wolter’s lecture as “bizarre, rambling,” and self-congratulatory, an exercise in the speaker’s own ego more than anything else. While Myers merely scoffed at Wolter’s claims (which I have debunked and challenged at length), particularly that the Oreo cookie contains a secret Masonic-Templar code, he did report a telling detail that I think says it all about the audience for such idiocies: “People applauded. Dear god, wasn’t the cookie slide a loud enough cry for help?”

I am astonished that Scott Wolter is actually using the Oreo cookie example in his lectures. I have half a mind to send a note to Nabisco and ask them if they intend to maintain their sponsorship of A+E Networks programming (they advertise on Lifetime) so long as they employ a conspiracy theorist who is profiting from claims that they are part of a cabal of crypto-Jews who run the world in secret.

There is almost literally nothing that true believers are not willing to applaud and accept so long as a perceived alternative history “expert” tells them it is the result of deep research. This is all the more ironic, since most of what these “experts” push is a thinly veiled effort to induce the audience to reject mainstream scholars as false and sometimes evil authorities and embrace the alternative researchers with their money and their loyalty.

Now, let’s move on to a strange but tangentially related piece from the current issue of the Skeptical Inquirer that suffers from its author’s lack of knowledge about the subject on which he has chosen to debunk.

Do you remember the way Scott Wolter claimed that many Native American tribes adopted two-headed eagles as their symbols in alleged imitation of the Masonic two-headed eagle—even centuries before the Masons started using the symbol? At the time, I mentioned how the two headed eagle had been a widespread European heraldic device from the Middle Ages down to the present and therefore entered Masonry from the Prussian king’s personal arms. (Many Native American symbols are of independent origin, though some may be later imitations of Habsburg arms after the Conquest by the forces of the Habsburg Spanish.)

This is all background to Brian Regal’s article on “The Jersey Devil: The Real Story” in the November-December 2013 edition of Skeptical Inquirer. In general, the article is a well-written discussion of the origins of the Jersey Devil (originally Leeds Devil) myth in the colonial-era politics of New Jersey. However, Regal, an instructor in the history of science with degrees in American history, has overstepped in assigning part of the origins of the Jersey Devil to my poor, beloved double-headed eagle.

My poor eagle gets so much blame: Various people have attributed to it everything from covert Masonic influence to the origin of the pirates’ Jolly Roger in a misreading of Austrian frigates’ double-eagle flags as bearing a black skull on a yellow banner. (Many privateers sailed under Austrian flags due to lax Austrian regulation.)

Regal attributes the Jersey Devil to controversy over the Leeds Almanack, which courted controversy in the late 1600s by including “pagan” astrological material. After the original publisher, David Leeds, gave way to his son, Titan Leeds, the Almanack changed, and Regal makes a big deel out of its new format, which includes the coat of arms of the House of Leeds on its masthead.

Picture
Regal reads the three figures in the shield as wyverns. They are eagles.
Here’s how Regal describes the arms:

In 1728, Titan redesigned the masthead to include the Leeds family crest, which contained three figures on a shield. Dragon-like with a fearsome face, clawed feet, and bat-like wings, the figures, known as wyverns, are suspiciously reminiscent of the later descriptions of the Jersey Devil.

They are no such thing.

Today, the Leeds family coat of arms is usually depicted with three single-headed black eagles on a white shield separated by a red stripe. In checking the historical sources for heraldry, dating back into the eighteenth century, I found in less than 30 seconds that the arms of the noble family of Leeds were officially defined thus: “Argent, a fess gules, between three eagles displayed sable, a bordure by way of the second.” In other words, a white shield with a red central horizontal stripe above which are two black eagles and one black eagle below. According to the literature, these arms were granted to a Sir Thomas Leeds, knight, sometime after 1338.

As for why Titan Leeds chose to display his family’s three eagles as two-headed, I could not say. Generally, in the 1700s two-headed eagles were seen as imperial (being the arms of the Habsburg and Romanov emperors—both borrowing from the Byzantines, with the Russians altering their gold eagle design in the 1700s to match the Habsburgs’ black eagle) and single-headed eagles as royal. Perhaps he was giving himself a promotion. Or perhaps, since the grant of arms did not specify the number of heads, such variations were allowable. I’m not an expert in heraldry and do not really know.

But what I do know is that the depiction of the eagles on Leeds’s masthead is virtually identical to depictions of similar eagles in other eighteenth century illustrations. The anemic wings and overly-prominent legs were standard for the time. Take a look at this two-headed eagle of the Russian empress Catherine the Great:

Picture
And this British private-issue halfpenny from 1796:

Picture
The degree of stylization depended on the artist, of course, and some eagles were more realistic than others. Nevertheless, the thin wings and thick legs emerge in the 1600s and persist until the middle 1800s, when, under the influence of the redesign of the Habsburg arms to better display the arms of the various territories they controlled on the wings of the eagle, larger, more natural wings and smaller legs came into vogue. (The Russians, always imitating the Habsburgs, altered their arms into a near-identical eagle when redesigned in the mid-1800s.)

Picture
Medium arms of Austria-Hungary after 1867, following the Austrian Empire arms of 1804.
Picture
Lesser arms of the Russian Empire, as redesigned for Alexander II in 1858.
Anyway, that’s of special interest to me, and probably not you.

The people of New Jersey in the 1700s would have read the symbols on Titan Leeds’s almanac as eagles, not “wyverns,” as they conformed to standard depictions of the animal. Of course, we can’t discount the idea that someone might have taken them for dragon-like monsters, but there is no evidence of this. In short, Regal is projecting his own views of the Jersey Devil onto Leeds’s coat of arms, having already decided that Titan Leeds sparked the Jersey Devil story. This is not a revelation but a back-formation of an origin point for the Jersey Devil image from a pre-conceived conclusion.

19 Comments
charlie
10/20/2013 07:34:06 am

Jason,
This proves that you are an equal opportunity catcher of false information. Of course Mr. Regal has degrees in American History, so his expertise on European heraldry may not be "up to snuff". Not that that could or should excuse him for lack of proper research though.
On the "cookie gate", I'll be happy to send an email to Nabisco also and ask if they know their advertising dollars fund such garbage. I will now check their web site for contact information.
Yes, the true believers DO grasp at any straw to support their belief.
What did a certain Mr. Barnum say about a particular type of person and his/her money?

Reply
spookyparadigm
10/20/2013 08:36:14 am

"There is almost literally nothing that true believers are not willing to applaud and accept so long as a perceived alternative history “expert” tells them it is the result of deep research. This is all the more ironic, since most of what these “experts” push is a thinly veiled effort to induce the audience to reject mainstream scholars as false and sometimes evil authorities and embrace the alternative researchers with their money and their loyalty."

It isn't ironic, it's the whole point. The thing pseudosciences share in common is a hatred of professional knowledge research and production. While in some cases this simply to carve out an audience (as you suggest), it seems to be the main appeal (note how the beliefs change, but the one thing that doesn't is that, to quote the former chair of the Texas School Board, "Someone Needs to Stand Up to Experts"). That pseudoscience is typically tied to reactionaries in numerous cases, (in the US case, ideological interests that want to repeal the last 150 years) isn't a big surprise.

Reply
CFC
10/20/2013 09:12:49 am

Wasn't PZ Myers also a presenter at the Paradigm Symposium?

Reply
The Other J.
10/20/2013 12:09:45 pm

No, but he is from Minnesota, and the symposium was held in Minneapolis. The symposium is the sort of thing Myers usually argues against, so he was probably just checking out what conversations they were having.

Reply
Jason Colavito link
10/20/2013 12:20:29 pm

I believe that Myers was invited to speak at the symposium this year as the token skeptic.

CFC
10/20/2013 01:12:34 pm

I checked the schedule Other J. and he was on at 1:15 p.m. today according to that.

The Other J.
10/20/2013 01:49:06 pm

Dammit... I checked the schedule too -- must have missed it, or saw the wrong schedule.

Cathleen Anderson
10/20/2013 10:13:47 am

"The degree of stylization depended on the artist, of course, and some eagles were more realistic than others. Nevertheless, the thing wings and thick legs emerge in the 1600s and persist until the middle 1800s, when, under the influence of the redesign of the Habsburg arms to better display the arms of the various territories they controlled on the wings of the eagle, larger, more natural wings and smaller legs came into vogue. (The Russians, always imitating the Habsburgs, altered their arms into a near-identical eagle when redesigned in the mid-1800s.)"

In the sentence in the above paragraph that starts with the word "Nevertheless..." should the word thing actually be thin?

Well done article. I did skim that article by the way.

Reply
Jason Colavito link
10/20/2013 10:33:49 am

Yes, it should. I fixed it.

Reply
Only Me
10/20/2013 11:51:20 am

I think one of the commenters on Myers's blog summed up this nonsense quite nicely.

"If you are “too skeptical” that’s supposed to be a sign that you’re too afraid of the discovery and want to cling to the safety of the old paradigm. Note the subject shift from ‘what’s wrong with the hypothesis’ to ‘what’s wrong with you. ‘ "

Now, if you'll excuse me, I'm going to see what connection there is between the S displayed on Skittles and the Sinclair/St. Clair bloodline.

Reply
Shane Sullivan
10/20/2013 06:31:21 pm

Doesn't take a rocket surgeon to figure out that "M&M" stands for Mary Magdalene. Mars, Incorporated, what are you hiding...

And I'll bet you anything the Illuminuti--the shadowy order that guards the secret truth behind the origin of peanut butter--is in on it too. True story. I saw it on a documentary called "American Dad."

Reply
The Other J.
10/20/2013 12:06:06 pm

Eagle? Wyvern? Jersey Devil?

Maybe it was originally a pheasant.

Reply
Erik G
10/20/2013 07:53:02 pm

Ha ha ha! Of course it must have been a pheasant! The plot thickens...

(Thanks for that, Other J!)

Reply
Matt Mc
10/20/2013 12:59:12 pm

I wonder if the recent news that Oreo's are just as addictive as cocaine (or more so) plays into Wolter's Oreo theory

http://newsfeed.time.com/2013/10/16/oreos-may-be-as-addictive-as-cocaine/

Reply
Varika
10/21/2013 10:04:26 am

...that would explain why so many people feel the need to ruin otherwise-delectable desserts by throwing those crappy things in and then slapping the label "decadent" on it.

Reply
BigMike
10/21/2013 06:37:20 pm

Hey, now! The Oreo Pie from Denny's is just fantastically decadent!

HA! Gotcha! Nothing from Denny's can ever be described as "decadent." But in all honesty, that Oreo Pie is awesome. If you like Oreos. Which I do. It's like crack. Actually, hold the phone a sec... apparently it's more addictive than crack.

Maggie
10/21/2013 08:05:29 pm

I've seen a few of Wolter's programs in the past. He had much more restraint on his appearances in the 'Holy Grail in America' special that aired on History a few years ago compared to his Unearthed show. I unfortunately saw the Oreo cookie thing online the other day... so much for restraint.

I notice that this blog is one of the first hits on Google when anything to do with his show is entered into the search engine. In all honesty, is this organic or the work of SEO? Either way, I'm glad it comes up that high, just a passing curiosity.

Bookmarking the blog for future reads!

Reply
Jason Colavito link
10/21/2013 11:49:29 pm

A little of both, but mostly organic due to links on Wikipedia and other sites. I don't go out of my way to make it a top hit, but I do make sure my posts are content-rich, link out to reputable sources, and use SEO keywords for the show. Neither Wolter nor America Unearthed does much online, so that leaves my website as the largest on the topic.

Reply
Jason D.
1/13/2014 02:03:51 pm

Don't worry, Wolter is going to Dunkin Donuts for his Masters in Web Design. He'll have a greater web presence soon.


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